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Normal Lung Function
Pathophysiology of COPD
Diagnosis of COPD
Diagnostic Tests
Case Study
100
This is a pipe shaped by rings of cartilage.
What is trachea
100
disease characterized by chronic inflammation throughout the central and peripheral airways, lung parenchyma and pulmonary vasculature.
What is COPD
100
A bluish tinge to skin, lips and nailbeds when there is a decreased supply of oxygen.
What is cyanosis
100
A procedure that measures the amount of air entering and leaving the lungs. For a patient with COPD, the amount of air exhaled is reduced compared to a person with normal lung function.
What is spirometry
100
Give at least two signs and symptoms that suggest Kevin may have COPD.
What 2 episodes of bronchitis during the winter, SOB, cyanosis of lips and finger tips, history of smoking ABG results, Spirometry results, frequently develop chest infections requiring abx treatment
200
Two tubes that carry air into each lung
What are bronchi
200
The two types of COPD.
What are emphysema and chronic bronchitis
200
When lips are narrowed together to slow exhalation at the mouth and keep positive pressure in the airway, thus preventing their collapse and allowing some forced exhalation.
What is pursed-lip breathing
200
A noninvasive method that determines the oxygenation of the blood (O2 sat).
What is oximetry
200
Example of beta2 agonist bronchodilator that would benefit Kevin to help him cope with his lung disease.
What is beta2 agonist bronchodilator (ventolin) since its onset is quicker and provide more immediate symptom relief.
300
Small blood vessels wrapped around alveoli.
What are capillaries
300
disease characterized by abnormal enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles.
What is emphysema
300
The shape of the chest when the lungs become enlarged, the diaphragm is displaced downward and is unable to contract efficiently.
What is barrel chest
300
This diagnostic test will show hyperinflated lungs with flattened diaphragm for a patient with COPD
What is chest x-ray
300
Give an example of discharge teaching that would benefit Kevin.
What is pulmonary rehab programs, smoking cessation, proper use of inhaler, use of pursed-lip breathing when SOB
400
Small air sacs at the end of each bronchiole.
What are alveoli
400
disease of the central airways where mucous production increases because of the enlargement of the bronchial mucus gland and an increase of the goblet cells.
What is chronic bronchitis
400
This is caused by inflammation and excessive amounts of mucous in the airways.
What is productive cough
400
Interpret results of Kevin's ABGs
What is partially compensated respiratory acidosis with moderate hypoxemia.
400
In a patient with COPD, low O2 levels provide stimulus to breathe. True or false.
What is True (normally the brain's resp center responds to high CO2 levels by incd resp rate to blow off excess CO2. In a patient with COPD, their chronically high CO2 levels knock out this response.)
500
Two gases involved in gas exhange at the alveolar-capillary membrane.
What are oxygen and carbon dioxide
500
This refers to an acute increase in symptoms of coughing, sputum production and/or dyspnea.
What is AECOPD
500
Four anatomical changes caused by the disease.
What are barrel chest, purse-lip breathing, productive cough, cyanosis
500
Type of bloodwork to determine the amount of O2 dissolved in the blood, percentage of Hgb saturated with O2, amount of CO2 dissolved in blood and amount of acid in the blood pH.
What are ABGs
500
Kevin has both ventilation and diffusion problems. True or false.
What is True