Airway, Respiration & Ventilation
This is the difference between ventilation and respiration.
Ventilation is the movement of air in and out. Respiration is the process of gas exchange
______ x _______ = Cardiac Output
A patient has a fever of 101 F, RR 24, HR 102, and EtCO2 24 with a recent history of UTI. This is how much fluids you should give the patient if they weigh 180 lbs and don't have any concerns for fluid overload.
You are dispatched to a motor vehicle collision on a remote country road. It is night, and your scene size-up reveals a heavily damaged car that rolled several times. The driver has been ejected and is lying prone in the middle of the road. In this situation, which type of protective clothing as listed, is it most essential that you don prior to making patient contact?
A. Protective Helmut
B. Leather gloves
C. Reflective Vest
D. Rubber Soled Boots
What is C. Reflective Vest
This capnography waveform represents this.
What is bronchoconstriction.
This is the first step to neonatal resuscitation and is done in the first 30 seconds.
What is warm, dry, stimulate, and clear the airway as necessary.
What is 2-3 times the child's height.
10+ feet for adults.
This is the medical emergency a patient is experiencing if she is 37 weeks pregnant with vaginal bleeding and severe abdominal pain.
What is abruptio placentae.
This is the preferable size of a landing zone.
What is 100 x 100 ft.
This age and under should have padding behind their shoulders to maintain an open airway.
What is 3 and under.
This is the type of thrust that should be used on patients in advanced stages of pregnancy or obese patients.
What are chest thrusts.
These are the 6 Ps you might see with compartment syndrome.
What are:
Pain out of proportion to the injury
Paralysis
Paresthesia
Pulselessness
Pallor
Pressure
These are two ways to help slow down and/or stop postpartum hemorrhage.
What are fundal massage and allowing the baby to breastfeed.
What is red tag.
______ is the ventilation rate for an apneic adult
______ is the ventilation rate for an apneic child
______ is the ventilation rate for an apneic infant
* Rate should be in breaths per second
What is 1 breath every 6 seconds for an adult and 1 breath every 2-3 seconds for child and infant.
This is the pressure in the aorta or the peripheral vascular resistance, against which the left ventricle must pump blood against.
What is afterload.
A patient has climbed above 12,000 feet and begins having a severe, constant headache, ataxia, extreme fatigue, vomiting, and later has loss of consciousness. The patient is experiencing this type of emergency.
What is High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE).
The type of cell that produces antibodies.
What are B cells.
This agency regulates all radio operations in the United States.
A patient in metabolic acidosis will have an _______ amount of hydrogen ions, ________ pH, and will have an _______ rate of breathing.
Increased or Decreased
What is an increased amount of hydrogen ions, decreased pH, and will have an increased rate of breathing.
The law or principle describes how increased venous return to the heart stretches the ventricles and allows for increased cardiac contractility.
What is Starling Law.
A patient sustained partial thickness burns to his entire left leg and his genitalia. There are full thickness burns to the anterior portion of his entire right leg and superficial burns to the abdomen. How much fluids should be given to the patient in the first 8 hours if he weighs 220 pounds?
TBSA = 18 for entire left leg + 1 for genitalia + 9 for entire anterior portion of his right leg = 28%
*Superficial burns don't count.
Parkland/Consensus Formula = 2-4 mL x kg x TBSA = amount given in 24 hours. Half will be given in the first 8 hours.
Answer: 2-4mL * 100 kg * 28% / 2 = 5600 mL - 11,200 mL
*Hint there are 4 types of hypersensitivity.
What is Type 1: Immediate Hypersensitivity
Review Chapter 8, Page 401, Table 8-6
These are the four elements that must be present for the legal doctrine of negligence to apply.
What are:
1. Duty to Act
2. Breach of Duty
3. Injury or Damages Sustained
4. Proximate Cause