Conformity - Factors
This type of influence occurs when individuals conform because they believe the group is competent and has the correct information
Informational
This psychologist conducted the famous line judgment task study in 1951.
Asch
Before starting a study on the effects of stress on memory, a researcher submits their proposal to who?
Ethics Committee
This design involves manipulating one variable to determine its effect on another
Experimental
This approach combines both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods.
Mixed Methods
This concept measures the consistency of a research study or measuring test.
Reliability
This type of influence occurs when individuals conform to be liked or accepted by the group.
Normative
The study’s sample was limited to this demographic group, which may not be representative of the general population.
Male students
After a study involving deception, the researcher explains the true purpose and answers any questions the participants have
Debriefing
Any variable other than the IV that can cause a change in the DV
Extraneous
This type of data is descriptive and often collected through interviews or observations.
Qualitative
Ensuring that the measurement tools are accurately capturing the intended variables can improve this aspect of research.
Validity
Conformity is highest when the group is in this state, meaning everyone agrees.
Unamity
The percentage of participants conformed to the incorrect majority at least once in the line study
75%
A researcher avoids asking participants for personal information that is not relevant to the study
Privacy
This method involves dividing the population into subgroups and sampling from each subset
Stratified
This type of data is based on observable and measurable facts
Objective
This term describes the ability to apply the results of a study to different contexts, settings, or groups.
Generalisability
Conformity tends to increase with group size up to this number of people, after which it levels off.
Four
An ethical issue with Asch's research
No informed consent or deception
A researcher ensures that participants’ personal data is stored securely and not shared without permission.
Confidentiality
What is the main benefit of using random allocation in experimental research
Minimising the impact of extraneous variables OR reducing the experimenter bias
This graph shows the value of different categories such as the difference between a control and experimental group
Bar/Column Graph
This type of reliability measures the extent to which different observers or raters agree in their assessments.
Inter-rater
This type of culture, which emphasises group harmony and collective well-being, tends to have higher rates of conformity
Collectivist
One contribution of Asch's research
Demonstrated the power of conformity in groups
Identified factors that influence conformity, such as the size of the majority and the presence of a dissenter
Helped to develop theories of conformity, such as the informational influence model
One role of ethics committees
deciding whether a research proposal meets all the requirements of the National Statement and is therefore ethically acceptable
deciding whether the researcher(s) is adequately experienced and qualified
monitoring approved research (e.g. through progress reports, random inspections of research sites, interviews with participants)
handling complaints (e.g. from participants, the wider community)
ensuring accountability of the researcher (e.g. the researcher understands, accepts and maintains responsibility for all aspects of their research).
These cues can lead participants to guess the purpose of the study and alter their behavior accordingly.
Demand Characteristics
What is a major limitation of quantitative data collection methods?
Doesn't tell you the reasoning behind the results
What is the main difference between internal and external validity?
Internal is whether the assessments tools measuring the concept they intend to measure and external is whether or not you can apply the findings to the wider population