IR Fundamentals
Renal Anatomy & Ablation
Cryobiology
Systems & Needles
100

The sagittal plane divides the body into:

Left & Right

100

Which kidney structure is the outer region and a site of filtration and reabsorption?

Renal Cortex

100

Cryoablation destroys or damages tissue through the application of:

Extreme Cold

100

How many channels and probes does the ICEfx accomodate?

4 / 8

200

The axial plane divides the body into:

Superior & Inferior

200

What is the functional filtration unit of the kidney?

Nephron

200

The Visual-ICE and ICEfx systems use which principle to produce temperature changes as compressed gases expand?

Joule-Thomson effect

200

How many channels and probes does the Visual-ICE accommodate?

10 / 20

300

The coronal plane divides the body into:

Anterior & Posterior 

300

What is the primary role of the renal pelvis?

Collecting urine before it flows into the ureter

300

When argon is compressed and expands, what occurs?

It gets cold

300

Before using a cryoablation needle, what is required?

Needle integrity & functionality test

400

Which imaging modality provides real-time imaging without ionizing radiation?

Ultrasound

400

A renal tumor with more than 60% of its volume outside the kidney is classified as:

Exophytic
400

When helium is compressed and expands, it:

Gets hot

400

What needle family uses a 17G shaft?

Rod, Sphere, and Seed

500

Which anatomical term means situated toward the point of origin?

Proximal

500

A renal tumor with more than 60% of its volume inside the kidney is classified as:

Endophytic

500

Which sequence correctly represents the four events associated with cryoablation cell death?

Extracellular ice -- intracellular ice -- vascular stasis -- apoptosis

500

What needle family uses a 14G shaft?

Pearl and Force