Born on the Water
The transition point/journey between freedom and enslavement
Middle Passage
Refers to the forced movement or scattering of African people away from their ancestral homeland
(African) Diaspora
Developed to perpetuate slavery, generate profit, and maintain White supremacy; enforced through controlling Black women's sexuality and reproductive experiences
Race (social construct)
How did Black women benefit from the patriarchal mandates of British inheritance and kinship laws during the 1600's?
Secured freedom for their children because wealth and status were inherited from the father
a derogatory term that refers to interracial relationships and reproduction between races, especially when one is white
Miscegenation
Method used to transport as many enslaved Africans as possible in the ship's hold across the Atlantic Ocean
Tight Packing
Coined in 1989 by Kimberle Crenshaw, this term provides a framework for understanding how oppression is experienced uniquely at the intersection of various identities creating overlapping and interdependent systems of discrimination or disadvantage
Intersectionality
Phrase used to demonstrate the presence on African people on North American land prior to 1776
"Before the Mayflower"
Benefits of anti-miscegenation laws to enslavers
White men could profit from their sexual assaults on Black women; created a permanent labor supply
"the offspring follows the belly"; this statute maintained the racial hierarchy, created a permanent labor supply, made slave status inheritable, and cast Black women's wombs as the producers of their children's subjugated condition
Partus Sequitir Ventrem (Virginia, 1662)
Companies like these were hired by countries to engage in the human trafficking of enslaved Africans
Royal African Company (charters)
Studying how history has been written
Historiography
The fruit of power
History
"Freedom dues" & slave codes were methods used to...
Enforce the difference in political status between indentured servants and enslaved; construction of whiteness
System of society or government in which men hold power and women are largely excluded from it (Sexism)
Patriarchy
This act of resistance is believed to demonstrate this significant aspect of African spirituality
Choosing the water instead of bondage. Connections to the water; Belief that the water would carry them home
Produced in 1375, this rendered a detailed representation of the known world at the time and included an image of Mansa Musa with a gold coin
Catalan Atlas
Written from a Euro-centric perspective; disseminated in Western education systems and mass media; others marginalized communities
Master Narratives
Caricature of the hypersexual Black woman
"Jezebel" stereotype- if Black women are inherently promiscuous then they cannot be violated; pass down socially damaging traits to their children
The example of Danielle Hicks-Best demonstrates this term
Adultification
This approach to American history makes enslavement central to the development of America as opposed to an aberration; The main argument of Hannah-Jones' text
Marking the beginning of U.S. history in 1619 instead of 1776
How was the meaning of race constructed?
Stereotypes, anti-miscegenation laws, punishments for White people (Hugh Davis), lack of protection for Black women