Anxiety
Mention at least 2 negative consequences of anxiety.
-making language learning more difficult and time consuming
-introducing distracting thoughts
-unpleasant physical arousal (racing heart)
-urge to void or leave communication situations
-a reluctance to engage with new people or to try new things
True or False?
The role of negative emotions remained more in the background during the time enjoyment was the first emotional variable to become established as an important individual difference between learners in SLA research.
FALSE
The role of positive emotions remained more in the background during the time language anxiety was the first emotional variable to become established as an important individual difference between learners in SLA research.
According to Bandura, what are self-efficacy beliefs?
Self-efficacy beliefs, which he defines as individuals’ beliefs in their “capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to produce given attainments”.
While beliefs have long been an important concept within psychology-based research, they have attracted attention in the field of second language acquisition (SLA) only since the __________.
mid-1980s
What is a noun?
A noun is a word that names a person, thing, animal, or place.
Mention the three approaches to language anxiety.
Confounded approach
Specialized approach (MacIntyre, 2017)
Dynamic approach (most recent)
Gardner (1985) did point out that success in SLA depended on learners’ positive attitudes toward:
Self-efficacy beliefs include a ___________ element and an _________ component.
a cognitive element and an affective component
Who are the authors of "Beliefs about SLA: New Research Approaches" and when was it published?
Kalaja & Barcelos, 2003.
What is the difference between a preposition and an adverb?
The main difference is that prepositions show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence, while adverbs modify a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
Mention the two theories to language anxiety.
Emotion Theory Applied to Anxiety
Language Anxiety Theory
PP originated as a reaction against....
....the traditional focus of psychology on problems.
While designing instruments and collecting data in their educational settings, teacher-researchers in this field need to be ___________.
reflexive
LLBs are ______, __________, and less susceptible to change.
LLBs are stable, static, and less susceptible to change.
How many verb tenses do we have in English?
English verb tenses indicate when an action takes place and are categorized by time (past, present, future) and aspect (simple, continuous/progressive, perfect, perfect continuous), resulting in 12 primary tenses.
What is the name of the most frequently used scale in language anxiety research?
Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS)
When did PP arrived in SLA?
2012
Innovative teaching and materials design that has been found to boost L2 self-efficacy beliefs in different contexts has focused on supporting the development of L2 __________ and ___________ strategies.
L2 listening and reading strategies
Which methods have been used to collect data about learners' beliefs?
What type of sentence structure does English use?
English uses a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) sentence structure, which is the basic grammatical pattern for English and other languages like Spanish and Mandarin.
Mention the three methods for data collection in language anxiety research.
Correlational Methods
Experimental Methods
Dynamic Approaches
Seligman (2018) developed an influential model of psychological well-being and happiness that consists of five elements. Which is the name of this model?
PERMA
The teacher’s _________ role includes encouraging reflection on potentially efficacy-building experiences to support cognitive processing.
facilitative
Which suggestions do teachers have on learners beliefs?
Give an example of a sentence with at least 5 grammatical errors.
Answers may vary.