Misc
Definition of mobility
State or quality of being mobile or movable
Nursing interventions for stasis of secretions
suctioning, increase HOB, incentive spirometry, encourage fluid intake, deep breathing, coughing
Three major effects of immobility on cardiovascular system
increased cardiac workload, orthostatic hypotension, thrombus formation
4 major consequences of immobility on urinary system
Incontinence, infection, Kidney stones, urine stasis
what is a contracture
shortening of muscle fibers and muscle length
What part of the brain is responsible for voluntary motor activity
Frontal Lobe
lung sounds heard if secretions are in the lungs
Rhonchi
Nursing interventions for increased cardiac workload
encourage ambulation, adequate hydration, monitor EKG, beta blockers
nursing interventions for urinary stasis
straight cath, routine voiding schedule, bladder scan after voiding
Nursing interventions for contractures
assist with ADLs, ROM exercises, OT, PT, monitor for hypercalcemia
changes to bones & muscles as we age
thinning vertebral disks, decrease bone density, decrease muscle tone, decreased ROM, decreased muscle strength, ect
what does stasis of secretions put patients at risk for
infection: pneumonia, decreases respiratory rate and depth, ineffective coughing
heart rate change due to immobility
goes up 1/2 beat per minute per day
why does incontinence happen with immobility
pelvic flood weakness or prolapse of normal urethra muscle.
increased calcium loss from the bone, periods of immobility cause bone breakdown
populations at risk for immobility issues
anyone experiencing restricted movement, very young, very old, pre-existing conditions such as osteoporosis or arthritis
what does O2/CO2 imbalance result in
hypoxemia (because O2 cannot be inspired)
factors that cause increased workload of the heart in immobility
alterations of blood distribution in body, loss of gravitation increases amount heart must circulate, decreased stroke volume and cardiac output
nursing implications for urinary effects
adequate nutrition intake, decrease calcium intake, adequate fluid intake, get patient out of bed to use bathroom, toilet schedule
labs findings of muscle breakdown
creatinine, kinase, myoglobin in urine
10-15%
if lying flat in bed the amount of air breathed in is decreased by what percent
40%
factors that cause the increase likelihood of thrombus formation
Hyper-coagulability of the blood, decrease in intravascular volume, external pressure against the veins
patho rationale for kidney stones with immobility
immobility causes breakdown of muscles and bones which releases myoglobin and calcium in the blood
Most common location for contractures and how quickly can they form after immobility (hours)
hands and feet
8 hours after immobility