SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA
What is the term for the period when European nations divided Africa among themselves
The Scramble for Africa
When did most African nations gain independence
Answer: Mid-1950s to 1970s
What was apartheid?
A system of racial segregation in South Africa
What is one sign of a developed country?
Answer: High literacy rate
What is the tallest mountain in Africa?
Answer: Mt. Kilimanjaro
What was the main goal of European colonization in Africa?
Answer: To gain resources and expand territory
What global conflict influenced decolonization in Africa?
Answer: The Cold War
What happened to Black South Africans under apartheid?
Answer: They lost rights, land, and citizenship
What is the lowest development category according to the UN?
Answer: Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
What is special about the Sahara Desert?
Largest hot desert in the world
Which two leaders helped start the Scramble for Africa?
Answer: King Leopold II and Otto von Bismarck
What group led nationalist movements in British West Africa
Western-educated African elite
Who was the first Black president of South Africa?
Answer: Nelson Mandela
What is leapfrog development?
Skipping steps to use new technology
Which two rivers flow into the Atlantic Ocean?
Answer: Congo and Niger
What conference set the rules for dividing Africa?
Answer: The Berlin Conference
Why did Britain decolonize West Africa faster than East Africa?
Answer: West Africa was seen as more prepared for self-rule
What two groups were involved in the Rwandan Genocide?
Hutu and Tutsi
Name one challenge African countries face today
corruption, poor infrastructure, weak healthcare
Name one way geography made development difficult in Africa
deserts, rivers not navigable, disease, rainforest
What principle required land to be physically occupied before being claimed?
Answer: Effective Occupation
Name one factor that made decolonization difficult
ethnic conflict, lack of infrastructure, violence, geography, colonial policies
What was the UN’s role in the Rwandan Genocide?
It failed to act effectively / reduced troops
What is neocolonialism?
Answer: Continued economic/political control after independence
Why were rivers like the Congo important to Europeans?
Answer: They allowed access to the interior for trade/resources