African Geography
What mountain range separates the Sahara Desert from the Mediterranean Sea?
The Atlas Mountains
What is the main cause of water pollution in Africa?
Industrial waste, oil spills, and sewage.
In an autocracy, who holds the power?
One leader with total control.
In which type of economy are decisions based on customs and traditions?
Traditional economy
What does “specialization” mean in economics?
Focusing on producing one good or service efficiently.
Which country that we've discussed is home to Kalahari Desert?
South Africa
What is one result of water pollution for African communities?
Illness and limited clean drinking water
In a democracy, how do citizens participate in government?
By voting and choosing representatives.
What type of economy allows individuals to make most economic decisions?
Market economy
Why do countries trade with one another?
To get goods they can’t produce and to sell what they produce best.
What is the Sahel and why is it difficult to farm there?
It’s a dry grassland between the desert and savanna; has little rainfall and poor soil.
What human activity contributes most to deforestation?
Slash-and-burn farming (cutting and burning trees for farmland).
In a presidential democracy, how is the head of government chosen?
Citizens vote directly for the president.
What type of economy has a combination of government control and individual freedom?
Mixed economy
What is the purpose of tariffs and quotas?
To protect local industries from foreign competition.
Why do most people in Africa live near water sources like rivers or coasts?
Access to fertile land, transportation, and jobs.
How can desertification affect where people live?
It forces migration from farmland to cities or other regions.
Who selects the head of government in a parliamentary democracy?
The parliament or legislature.
Which African country’s economy is the most market-oriented?
South Africa
How does investing in human capital help a country?
Educated workers are more productive and increase economic growth.
In the Sahara Desert, where is population density the highest?
Along the Nile River
What are two main causes of famine in Africa?
Drought and war/conflict disrupting farming and food supply.
What is one key difference between Kenya’s and South Africa’s governments?
Kenya is presidential (citizens elect president directly); South Africa is parliamentary (legislature selects president).
Why do most modern countries have mixed economies?
They combine free enterprise with some government regulation.
How is literacy rate connected to standard of living?
Higher literacy = better jobs, higher income, and higher standard of living.