Africa Story Part 2

Pg. 5

100

Chromosome

when cell is preparing to divide and the DNA strands and proteins coil up tightly

200

Double Helix

shape of DNA

300

Base Pairing Rule

the strands of a DNA molecule are complementary (opposite)

Adenine (A) is always across from Thymine (T) and Guanine (G) is always across from Cytosine ( C )

400

Adenine

nitrogenous base, always paired with Thymine (T)

500

Thymine

nitrogenous base, always paired with Adenine (A)

Pg. 6

100

Cytosine

nitrogenous base, always paired with Guanine (G)

200

Guanine

nitrogenous base, always paired with Cytosine (C)

300

Karyotype

a picture displaying all the chromosomes of one organism

(ex: humans have 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs)

400

Homologous Chromosome (pair)

2 chromsomes with the same genes

500

Gene

a section of DNA that codes for a specific trait

Pg. 7

100

Locus

which chromosome and where on the chromosome the gene is found (its address)

200

Phenotype vs Genotype

Geno: the two alleles an individual inherited for a particular trait

Pheno: how the genotype is expressed (what you see)

300

Hypothesis

a possible answer to a complex problem; an educated guess

400

Heterozygous vs. Homozygous

Heterozygous: 2 different alleles (ex: A/a or M/n)

Homozygous: 2 of the same alleles (ex: A/A or a/a)

500

Migration

movement of organisms from one population to another; seasonal and long-distance movement of animals from one habitat to another