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Dates
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Dates
100
The name of the system of transatlantic trade in the 16th century between Europe, Africa, and the Americas
What is the Triangular Trade Route?
100
The Declaration of Independence was written this year.
What is 1776?
100
Where enslaved people were held captive before leaving Africa.
What are Slave Castles and Dungeons?
100
A planned slave rebellion in the Richmond, Virginia, area in the summer of 1800. Information regarding the revolt, which came to be known and was leaked prior to its execution, and the person who planned the event, and twenty-five followers were hanged.
What is Gabriel's Rebellion?
100
She was a biracial woman who was enslaved by the Washington family, first at the family's plantation at Mount Vernon and later, after George Washington became president, at the President's House in Philadelphia, then the nation's capital city.[1] In her early twenties, she absconded, becoming a fugitive slave, after learning that Martha Washington had intended to transfer ownership of her to her granddaughter, known to have a horrible temper. She fled to New Hampshire, where she married, had children, and converted to Christianity. Though she was never formally freed, the Washington family ultimately stopped pressing her to return to Virginia after George Washington's death
Who is Ona Judge?
100
This was one of the West African Kindgoms where Timbuktu was established.
He is considered the wealthiest person in history.
What is Mali?
Who is Mansa Musa?
100
Who is Celia (Celia vs. the state of Missouri)?
Enslaved woman that killed her enslaver for persistent rape. She was found guilty of murder and executed because enslaved women did not have the right to self defense in court unlike white women.
100
1776
The Declaration of Independence
100
1619
First African captives brought to the US.
200
The British brought the first African captives to the "New World" on slave ships in this year.
In other words, chattel enslavement in the Americas began this year.
What is 1619?
200
An enslaved woman accused, convicted, and executed for burning down much of Montreal, Canada after her owner refused to free her in 1734.
Who is Marie-Joseph Angélique?
200
It was a direct result of the Haitian Revolution and Independence that bankrupted France and encompassed 530,000,000 acres of territory in North America that the United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
200
He was the author of the "Common Sense" Pamphlet that urged colonist to revolt against the British Empire.
Who is Thomas Paine?
200
He was called the Black George Washington
Who is Toussaint Louveture?
200
He was an enslaved man who led a rebellion of enslaved people on August 21, 1831. His action set off a massacre of up to 200 Black people and a new wave of oppressive legislation prohibiting the education, movement, and assembly of enslaved people.
An insurrection was planned, aborted, and rescheduled for August 21,1831, when he and six others killed the Travis family, managed to secure arms and horses, and enlisted about 75 other enslaved people in a large but disorganized insurrection that resulted in the murder of an estimated 55 white people.
What is Nat Turner's Rebellion?
200
She was known as "Black Moses"
Who is Harriet Tubman?
200
1791-1803
Haitian Revolution.
200
1870
Voting Rights for Black Men only
300
Every slave castle in Africa had one of these. It was the last place every enslaved person walked before forcibly boarding European ships.
What is the door of No Return?
300
This Muslim African descended European group left behind a rich architectural and cultural legacy still apparent throughout the Iberian Peninsula in Spain and beyond today.
For nearly 800 years they ruled in Granada. They built a fortress palace known as the Alhambra and helped Europe out of the "Dark Ages" They were never conquered by their enemies but in 1492 they surrendered their citadel, by then the last outpost of in Spain, to the Catholic monarchs Ferdinand and Isabel. It would bring to an end an era and mark the beginnings of the Spanish Inquisition.
Who were the Moors?
300
Him and his wife eventually bought their way out of bondage. They acquired their own land. During the 1640s they lived at their own place, raising livestock. By the 1650s, their estate had grown to 250 acres. For any ex-servant -- black or white -- to own his own land was uncommon, despite the promise made by the Virginia Company to give a tract of land to each servant at the end of service. For an ex-servant to own 250 acres was rarer still. Eventually, all of thier land was seized because the British Empire considered them "aliens" under the new Virginia slave laws.
Who is Anthony and Martha Johnson?
300
The origins of modern-day policing can be traced back to this organization. The earliest form was created in the Carolinas in the early 1700s with one mission: to establish a system of terror and squash slave uprisings with the capacity to pursue, apprehend, and return runaway slaves to their owners. Tactics included the use of excessive force to control and produce desired slave behavior.
Who were the “Paddy Rollers” “ Slave Patrols”?
300
Unlike countless enslaved women, she was able to negotiate with her enslaver and rapist Thomas Jefferson. In Paris, where she was free, the 16-year-old agreed to return to enslavement at Monticello in exchange for “extraordinary privileges” for herself and freedom for her unborn children. Over the next 32 years Hemings raised four children—Beverly, Harriet, Madison, and Eston—and prepared them for their eventual emancipation. She did not negotiate for, or ever receive, legal freedom in Virginia
Who is Sallie Hemmings ?
300
Self-educated Black man who planned the most extensive slave rebellion in U.S. history (Charleston, 1822).
In 1800 he was allowed to purchase his freedom with $600 he had won in a street lottery. He was already familiar with the great Haitian slave revolt of the 1790s, and, while working as a carpenter, he read antislavery literature. Dissatisfied with his second-class status as a freedman and determined to help relieve the far more oppressive conditions of bondsmen he knew, he planned and organized an uprising of city and plantation Blacks. The plan reportedly called for the rebels to attack guardhouses and arsenals, seize their arms, kill all whites, burn and destroy the city, and free the enslaved people. As many as 9,000 Blacks may have been involved, though some scholars dispute this figure.
Who is Denmark Vessey?
300
What is the "General Strike Thesis?"
Enslaved people freed themselves and constantly struggled with thier enslavers over labor and working conditions.
The Civil War should not be romanticized as a war between the North and South, but remembered as the largest slave revolt in the western hemisphre.
300
1868
Citizenship
300
1793 & 1850
Fugitive Slave Acts
400
The first colony to establish “slave laws” in colonial America.
Here are some of the laws:
1662 – A child born to a slave mother is a slave. A child born to a free mother is free.
1667 – Becoming baptized will not free a slave.
1669 – A slave master – or person acting under the master’s orders – cannot be charged with murder for killing his slave, since the slave is his own property.
1670 – No Indian or free negro can purchase a Christian, but they can purchase Indians and negroes.
1670 – All non-Christian servants shipped to the Virginia Colony are declared slaves for life.
What is Virginia?
400
On May 10, 1740, the South Carolina Assembly enacted the “Bill for the better ordering and governing of Negroes and other slaves in this province. The law prohibited enslaved African people from growing their own food, learning to read, moving freely, assembling in groups, and earning money. It also authorized white enslavers to whip and kill enslaved Africans for being "rebellious."
What is the Negro Act of 1740?
400
A free Black man born in 1731 who owned a farm near Baltimore, he was largely self-educated in astronomy and mathematics. The 18th century intellectual used his knowledge to create a series of almanacs in the 1790s. He also helped survey territory for the construction of the American capital city, Washington D.C. An early civil rights advocate, he exchanged letters with Thomas Jefferson, politely challenging the then-Secretary of State to do what he could to ensure racial equality.
Who is Benjamin Banneker?
400
He wrote a famous document encouraging enslaved people to revolt against their enslavers.
The title of the document.
Who is David Walker?
What is David Walkers' Appeal?
400
It has often been described as the largest and most successful slave rebellion in the Western Hemisphere. Enslaved people initiated the rebellion in 1791 and by 1803 they had succeeded in ending not just slavery but French control over the colony. It was however, much more complex, consisting of several revolutions going on simultaneously. These revolutions were influenced by the French Revolution of 1789, which would come to represent a new concept of human rights, universal citizenship, and participation in government.
What is the Haitian Revolution?
400
Although she was an enslaved person, she was one of the best-known poets in pre-19th century America. Educated and enslaved in the household of prominent Boston commercialist, lionized in New England and England, with presses in both places publishing her poems, and paraded before the new republic’s political leadership and the old empire’s aristocracy, she was the abolitionists’ illustrative testimony that blacks could be both artistic and intellectual. Her name was a household word among literate colonists and her achievements a catalyst for the fledgling antislavery movement.
Who is Phyllis Wheatley?
400
Who is Biddie Mason?
She was born enslaved and became the first woman millionaire in Los Angeles
400
1865-1877
Reconstruction Era
400
1896
Plessy v Ferguson.
500
The 1803 event, where approximately 75 captives from present-day Nigeria died by mass suicide in Georgia's Dunbar Creek rather than face a life enslaved in the "New World"
What is the Igbo Landing?
500
On Sunday, September 9th, 1739 the British colony of South Carolina was shaken by a slave uprising that culminated with the death of sixty people. Led by an Angolan named Jemmy, a band of twenty slaves organized a rebellion on the banks of the Stono River. After breaking into Hutchinson’s store the band, now armed with guns, called for their liberty. As they marched, overseers were killed and reluctant slaves were forced to join the company. The band reached the Edisto River where white colonists descended upon them, killing most of the rebels. The survivors were sold off to the West Indies.
What is The Stono Rebellion?
500
In 1640 he and two white European indentured servants ran away from Gwyn’s farm. Authorities captured them in Maryland shortly after. The three were brought back for trial in Jamestown, Virginia. The court convened in July and ordered that all three men receive 30 lashes. The judge added four years to the sentences of the two white servants (one extra year of work for Gwyn and three extra years of work for the colony). Instead of imposing the same sentence on him, the judge ordered him to remain a servant for the rest of his life. This case formally established the institution of Enslavement in colonial America.
What is the John Punch Case?
500
In 1807, this Muslim scholar, was stolen from Senegal & sold into slavery in America. He left behind an autobiography written in Arabic. His autobiography is not only a rare handwritten personal story of an American slave, but it's also one of the first intimate accounts of the early history of Muslims in the United States.
Who is Omar Ibn Said?
500
He was the first American killed in the American Revolutionary War.
Who is Crispus Attucks?
500
On May 10, 1740, the South Carolina Assembly enacted the “Bill for the better ordering and governing of Negroes and other slaves in this province. The law prohibited enslaved African people from growing their own food, learning to read, moving freely, assembling in groups, and earning money. It also authorized white enslavers to whip and kill enslaved Africans for being "rebellious."
What is The Negro Act of 1740?
500
What is Abolition Democracy?
A term used by W.E.B DuBois in his study on Black Reconstruction in the United States. DuBois argued that the abolition of slavery was only accomplished in the negative sense since the US failed to eradicate racism and develop new institutions that should have incorporated fair voting rights, educational institutions, and reparations for formerly enslaved people to enter into a new social order as full citizens. Instead, 150 years later, the descendants of enslaved people, in large part, have made up the prison population in the United States from convict leasing to prison industrial complex.
DuBois ultimately argued that a host of new democratic institutions are needed to fully achieve abolition.
500
1861-1865
Civil War
500
1877
The End of Reconstruction:
The New South
The Great Compromise of 1877