Geography
True or False? Africa is the world's largest continent.
False: It's the second largest.
What's the most famous civilization from Africa's early history?
Ancient Egypt.
When did the Europeans first arrive in Africa?
What was the Scramble for Africa?
The European countries were competing to control pieces of Africa as colonies, in order to take their raw materials.
When did African countries gain independence?
The 20th century or the 1900s.
About 50.
Why is Africa an important continent in human history for all people?
It is the place humans first developed, before they moved into the other continents. Our common ancestors were from Africa.
Was the Portuguese arrival in Africa long before Columbus' arrival in Hispaniola, long after, or around the same time?
Around the same time.
When did the Scramble for Africa begin?
The 1880s, or the late 1800s.
Why was the Second Sudanese Civil War fought?
Oil and religion
What's the name of the most famous river in Africa?
The Nile River.
Which civilization moved into Africa and controlled part of North Africa in the 100s BCE?
The Roman Empire.
Dutch, British, French
How did Europeans gain control over the majority of the African continent after starting on the coast?
They built trains and steamships to get to the interior, established control over trade, and conquered different indigenous people. Diseases also affected the African groups whom the Europeans encountered.
Why did African countries struggle after gaining independence?
When Europeans first arrived to Africa, which areas did they mostly stay in?
The coast.
Arabs from the Middle East, who followed Islam and spoke Arabic, moved into Africa in the 600s CE.
What did the Europeans do in Africa between 1500 and the early 1800s?
They controlled the coast, built towns and trading posts, and engaged in the slave trade.
Which countries controlled Africa during the Scramble?
England, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium and Italy.
How did South Sudan become an independent country?
In 1983, a civil war broke out between the south and north. In 2002, the US declared the north was committing genocide. In 2005, the war ended and the south was given some autonomy, and in 2011, they voted to secede, forming their own independent country.
What do we know about the geography of Africa from A Long Walk to Water?
It has multiple rivers and deserts.
Name one or more of the great empires of Africa.
Ghana, Mali, or Songhai
Name facts you learned about the slave trade in Social Studies class.
Answers will vary.
Which African country or civilization was able to remain independent?
BONUS: Name kingdoms or groups that fought back against the Europeans.
Ethiopia.
Ashanti, Fulani, Tuareg, Opobo, Nbele, Shona
The European countries took over territory and created new boundaries based on their needs. Why did this impact African countries negatively when they became independent?
Groups who didn't get along were forced to coexist in the same countries.