Settlement Patterns
Land Survey Methods
Land Use
Intensive Agriculture
Extensive Agriculture
100
This dispersed rural settlement pattern is often associated with subsistence agriculture and nomadic herding.
What is a scattered settlement pattern?
100
This ancient system of land description uses landmarks and compass directions to define property boundaries.
What is metes and bounds?
100
A farming system that combines raising crops and livestock on the same land. Animals can provide manure for fertilizer and benefit from crop residues.
What is mixed crop and livestock agriculture?
100
This type of intensive agriculture focuses on maximizing yields on a limited amount of land by using large amounts of fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation.
What is industrial agriculture?
100
This type of agriculture uses large areas of land with low inputs of labor and capital. Farmers rely on natural rainfall and minimal use of fertilizers and pesticides.
What is extensive agriculture?
200
This planned settlement pattern, often laid out in a grid system, reflects centralized planning and efficient land use.
What is a grid pattern settlement?
200
Developed in the United States, this grid-based system divides land into a six square mile grid system, creating a standardized method for locating and describing properties.
What is a township and range system?
200
The practice of raising and harvesting aquatic plants and animals in controlled environments (fish farms, shrimp ponds).
What is aquaculture?
200
A key benefit of intensive agriculture is its ability to produce large quantities of food, but what is a major environmental concern associated with this practice?
What is water pollution (from fertilizer runoff)?
200
Extensive agriculture is often practiced in which biome, characterized by low rainfall and limited arable land?
What is a grassland biome (e.g., savanna)?
or
What is a temperate climatic zone?
300
This linear settlement pattern develops along transportation routes, such as rivers or roads, for ease of access and movement of goods.
What is a linear settlement pattern?
300
This unique settlement pattern, found in arid environments, features clusters of dwellings along rivers or oases, vital sources of water for agriculture.
What are linear settlement patterns?
300
A theoretical model that explains how land use patterns around a city center are shaped by transportation costs and the perishability of agricultural products.
What is the von Thünen model?
300
Monoculture, a common practice in intensive agriculture, involves planting a single crop over a large area. What is a potential drawback of monoculture?
What is increased susceptibility to pests and diseases?
300
What is a major challenge faced by extensive agriculture, particularly in developing countries?
What is overgrazing (leading to land degradation)?
400
This clustered settlement pattern, often found in circular or rectangular shapes, is influenced by defensive needs, social interaction, and shared resources.
What is a nucleated settlement pattern?
400
Found in some parts of Europe and Latin America, this settlement pattern features villages clustered around a central plaza or market square.
What is a nucleated settlement?
400
Large commercial operations where animals are confined and fed a controlled diet for rapid fattening before slaughter.
What are feedlots?
400
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
This specialized form of intensive agriculture involves raising animals in confined spaces with controlled environments to maximize production efficiency.
What is factory farming?
400
Shifting cultivation, a type of extensive agriculture practiced in some tropical regions, involves clearing a patch of forest, planting crops for a few seasons, and then allowing the land to lie fallow for several years. Why is allowing land to lie fallow important in shifting cultivation?
What is to allow the soil to recover nutrients (for future planting)?
500
This complex settlement pattern combines elements of various types, with specialized districts for commerce, industry, and residential areas.
What is a multifunctional settlement pattern?
500
A long, narrow farm plot with a farmhouse and barn near the road and fields extending back towards a river.
What is a long lot settlement pattern?
500
The geographic area from which a dairy farm supplies milk to a processing plant or market.
What is a milkshed?
500
Some argue that intensive agriculture is unsustainable in the long term. What is a growing movement that promotes more environmentally friendly and socially responsible agricultural practices?
What is sustainable agriculture?
or
What is permaculture farming?
500
Extensive agriculture can have both positive and negative environmental impacts. One potential benefit is the preservation of wildlife habitats. Extensive livestock ranching, for example, can support diverse grazing animals. However, what is a potential negative environmental impact of some extensive agricultural practices?
What is deforestation (for creating new grazing land)?