Native American Civs
The Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas all believed this kind of religion, which involved the worship of many gods and spirits.
Polytheism
Gold and salt came to dominate trade routes in this region of Africa.
Sahara desert (trans-Saharan trade)
Spanish term that means "conquerors"
Conquistador
This philosophy claims that a nation's strength and greatness rests upon the amount of gold and silver it possesses.
Mercantilism
Percentage of the Native American population that died due to the spread of diseases from the old world.
90%
Empire in South America known for its organized government and thousands of miles of roads.
Inca Empire
Ruler of the wealthy Mali Empire in the early 1300s who made a great impression on the people of Cairo during his pilgrimage to Mecca.
Mansa Musa
The astrolabe, the compass, the caravel, and improved maps.
Technological Advances (aiding exploration)
Document signed by Spain and Portugal to determine where each one's colonies could be located.
The Treaty of Tordesillas
Transfer of animals, plants, culture, disease, and ideas between the old & new worlds.
The Columbian Exchange
This practice to appease the gods of the Aztecs was a major part of their religion, much to the displeasure of their neighbors who suffered because of it.
Human Sacrifice
These wealthy locations along Africa's east coast participated in the Indian Ocean trade with Arabs and Indians.
Swahili city-states
Sailed around the southern coast of Africa and then east to India in 1498, becoming the first European to make this journey.
Vasco da Gama
This European country established a "trading post empire" in the Indian Ocean during the 16th century.
Portugal
The voyage that brought around 12 million captured Africans to the Americas to become slaves in the new world.
The Middle Passage
This civilization in Central America was known for its many independent city-states and advanced culture, but it had declined before Europeans arrived in the 16th century.
Maya civilization
The empires of Mali, Ghana, and Songhai were all located in this region of Africa during the late middle ages.
Western Africa
Led a voyage that eventually circumnavigated the world, even though he died during the expedition.
Ferdinand Magellan
System that gave Spanish colonists land in the new world and inhabitants (Native Americans) to work on it.
Encomienda
Wrote Destruction of the Indies in 1542 to document the abuses of the Spanish against Native Americans.
Bartolome de Las Casas
Name of the capital city built by the Aztecs on an island in the middle of a lake, which one European visitor called "the Venice of the New World"
Tenochtitlan
This city was known as a major regional trading hub of the Mali Empire and as the location of influential Islamic universities.
Timbuktu
This conquistador defeated the Aztec emperor Moctezuma II with fewer soldiers and the help of disease and other native American tribes in 1521.
Hernando Cortes
Investing money in an expedition in exchange for portions of the profits generated.
Joint-stock Company
Cotton, coffee, tobacco, and sugar.
Cash crops (grown by slave labor in the new world)