Explorers
To sail around the world
Circumnavigate
First explorer to discover “new land” west of Europe and Africa
Christopher Columbus
Land and native slaves given to Spanish rulers
Encomienda
Reasons for exploration: God, Gold, and ___
Glory
A map maker
Cartographer
The disease that was the greatest weapon of the conquistadors
Smallpox
He claimed Brazil for Portugal
Pedro Álvares Cabral
Set up a navigation school for Portugal
Prince Henry
Spaniards born in Spain residing in the New World
Peninsulares
Vast global exchange that included people, plants, technologies, and cultures
Columbian Exchange
Device used to measure the angle of the sun and stars
Astrolabe
Swollen bleeding gums due to lack of vitamin C
Scurvy
Spanish explorer who conquered the Aztec Empire in Mexico
Hernán Cortés
Discovered the southern tip of Africa and proved ships could reach Asia by sailing around Africa
Vasco da Gama
In the Spanish empire, these were mixed Spanish and Native Americans near the bottom of the colonial class system
Mestizo
A belief that a nation’s real wealth was measured in its gold and silver treasure
Mercantilism
First explorer to discover “new land” west of Europe and Africa
Christopher Columbus
English Protestant who rejected practices of the Church of England
Pilgrim
Conquered Peru for the Spanish
Francisco Pizarro
Claimed Canada for France
Jacques Cartier
Spanish conqueror
Conquistador
The part of the transatlantic trade network that carried Africans to the Americas
Middle Passage
The name of the colony established by Christopher Columbus that he left to be mismanaged by a its govenor
Hispanola
Aztec king kidnapped and killed by the Spanish
Montezuma II
He was given credit as the first explorer to circumnavigate the world
Ferdinand Magellan
Founded New France and Quebec
Samuel de Champlain
These were set up throughout colonies to spread Christianity
Missionaries
Tax on imported goods
Tariff
Discovered the southern tip of Africa and proved ships could reach Asia by sailing around Africa
Vasco da Gama
The first successful British colony in North America
Jamestown