Key Explorers
Who was the first explorer to sail around the southern tip of Africa, reaching the Indian Ocean?
Bartolomeu Dias
What is the Columbian Exchange?
The transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Americas and the rest of the world.
True or False: The spread of European diseases led to the decline of Indigenous civilizations.
True.
True or False: The Triangular Trade connected Africa, the Americas, and Europe.
True
Which of the following was NOT a primary motivation for European exploration?
To conquer African empires
Who is credited with "discovering" the New World in 1492?
Christopher Columbus.
Name two raw materials sent from the Americas to Europe as part of the Triangular Trade.
Sugar and tobacco.
What treaty divided newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal?
Treaty of Tordesillas
What was the Middle Passage?
The leg of the Triangular Trade where enslaved Africans were transported to the Americas
Why was Christianity a significant motivation for explorers?
Many European countries wanted to spread their faith and believed in converting indigenous populations to Christianity.
Who is known for circumnavigating the globe?
Ferdinand Magellan (even though he died en route, his crew completed the journey).
Which system focused on colonies existing primarily for the economic benefit of the mother country?
Mercantilism.
Name one positive and one negative effect of the Columbian Exchange.
Positive: Introduction of new foods. Negative: Spread of diseases to Indigenous populations.
Which European country was the first to engage extensively in the transatlantic slave trade?
Portugal
How did the fall of Constantinople motivate European exploration?
The Ottoman control of Constantinople blocked land routes to Asia, prompting Europeans to seek alternative sea routes for trade.
Which French explorer claimed Canada for France?
Jacques Cartier
Under mercantilism, how was a country's wealth measured?
By its stock of gold and silver.
How did the European demand for sugar influence the slave trade?
It increased the demand for enslaved Africans to work on plantations.
Describe the role of European goods in the Triangular Trade.
European goods were traded in Africa for enslaved people, who were then shipped to the Americas.
Name two resources that European nations sought to acquire in their colonies to increase wealth.
Gold and spices.
Which explorer’s voyages led to the first European settlements in the Americas?
Christopher Columbus.
What economic impact did the influx of American gold and silver have on Europe in the 16th century?
It led to widespread inflation.
Which two European countries were most influential in establishing colonies in the Americas during the Age of Exploration?
Spain and Portugal.
Why did European nations establish colonies in the Americas as part of the Triangular Trade?
To increase wealth through resources, trade, and slave labor.
Why were new trade routes considered essential by European powers?
They allowed for more direct and profitable trade with Asia, bypassing intermediaries and increasing wealth for European nations.