Causes of Exploration
What were the three main motives for exploration?
Gold Glory and God
What navigational tool used the stars to find location?
Astrolabe
Who sailed for Spain and reached the Caribbean in 1492?
Christopher Columbus
What were Spanish conquerors called?
Conquistadors
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Exchange of goods, people, and diseases between continents
What continent were Europeans trying to reach for spices and luxury goods?
What direction-finding tool uses a magnetic needle?
Compass
Who was the first European to sail around the southern tip of Africa?
Bartholomeu Dias
Who conquered the Aztec Empire?
Hernán Cortés
What crop from the Americas helped feed Europe?
Potatoes (or maize)
What religion did Europeans want to spread during exploration?
Christianity
What type of ship was designed for long ocean travel?
Caravel
Who was the first to sail from Europe to India by sea?
Vasco de Gama
Who conquered the Inca Empire?
Francisco Pizarro
What was the Middle Passage?
Route enslaved Africans took to the Americas
What type of trade routes did Europeans want to avoid by sailing around Africa?
Land routes controlled by middlemen
What wind system helped ships travel across the Indian Ocean?
Monsoon winds
Whose expedition was the first to sail around the world
Ferdinand Magellan
What disease killed millions of Indigenous peoples?
Smallpox
Why did Europeans begin using African slaves in the Americas?
Indigenous populations declined from disease
What country led early exploration along the coast of Africa?
Portugal
What improvement helped sailors know where they were at sea?
Better maps/cartography
Which explorer believed he had reached Asia when he actually reached the Americas?
Christopher Columbus
Name one advantage the Spanish had over Indigenous empires.
Steel weapons, horses, guns, alliances, disease
Name one effect of the Columbian Exchange.
Spread of disease, new foods, population growth, slavery, cultural exchange