Mental Illness
The age group with the lowest prevalence of mental illness
What is 60 years and up?
The collection of our mental processes involved in knowing, learning, and understanding and the act of using those processes. Includes attention, memory, problem solving, decision making, and language
What is cognition?
Tendency to remember negative info to a greater extent than positive info
What is the Negativity Effect?
A sudden loss of consciousness or other neurological/brain dysfunction resulting from an interruption of blood flow to one or more regions of the brain.
What is a stroke?
Though the brain only accounts for 2% of your body weight, this much of your body's blood supply goes to your brain.
An inherited tendency, predisposition, or biological vulnerability (“nature”)
What is diathesis?
Form between neurons and consists of a protein known as beta-amyloid
What are plaques?
Tendency to remember positive info to a greater extent than negative info
What is the Positivity Effect?
A chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that occurs when there is a loss of DA in the substantia nigra. May cause resting tremors, akinesia, bradykinesia, and muscle rigidity
What is Parkinson's Disease?
When an individual experiences a stroke, this component dies downstream from where the stroke occurred.
What are cells?
A change in one’s life conditions that causes negative effects (“nurture”)
What is stress?
Insoluble twisted fibers are found inside neurons that consist of tau proteins. Tau filaments accumulate in the extracellular space of the neuron to form these
What are tangles?
This prevention of vascular dementia includes a healthy diet, exercise, no smoking, and maintaining healthy blood pressure levels.
What is primary prevention?
A group of syndromes characterized by progressive decline in cognition of sufficient severity to interfere with social and/or occupational functioning
What is Dementia?
These "mini-strokes" are the most common cause of Vascular Dementia.
What are Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)?
A proposed model of how mental illness may develop
What is the diathesis-stress model?
The most significant areas of the brain where volume decreases
What are the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the Hippocampus?
As people age, they perceive the time they have left as limited, emotionally meaningful goals become more important, and familiar social partners become preferred.
What is Socioemotional Selectivity Theory?
This form of dementia presents as a slow, unrelenting decline in short-term memory, and a decline in language, object recognition, skilled movements, and executive functions.
What is Alzheimer's Disease?
This may allow a patient with dementia to plan ahead while they are still cognitively capable. This can provide the patient and caregiver(s) the opportunity to discuss options, advice, support, etc.
When an individual is unable to cope with or adjust to a certain source of stress. Often prevalent in older adults
What is an Adjustment Disorder?
Life experiences & expertise, Selective optimization & compensation (SOC), and Engagement in mental & physical activities are all examples of
What are forms of compensation?
This prevention of vascular dementia can include adopting a healthy diet, start exercising, quit smoking, and starting an anti-coagulant to prevent blood clots to help the problem from getting worse.
What is secondary prevention?
This form of dementia is preventable and healthier choices can slow the progression of the disease and/or avoid further damage.
What is Vascular Dementia?
Diagnosis cannot be officially determined until post-mortem examination.
What is Dementia/Alzheimer's Disease?