The first agriculturalists were
A. commercial farmers
B. European entrepreneurs
C. also hunter-gatherers
D. also ranchers
E. most likely males
C. also hunter-gatherers
100
The modern global geography of agriculture is determined by
A. climate
B. soil
C. cultural traditions
D. all of the above
E. only A and B
D. all of the above
100
The earliest animals to be domesticated in Africa were:
A. guinea fowl
B. cattle
C. chickens
D. goats
A. guinea fowl
100
In arid climates, like southern California and the Middle East, _______ can cause the soil to become salty and infertile
A. erosion
B. topsoil loss
C. salinization
D. saltation
E. droughts
C. salinization
100
The Industrial Revolution transformed Western agriculture
A. through mechanization and the creation of new markets
B. with biotechnology
C. through technological and religious change
D. by eliminating agricultural pests
E. by eliminating plant hybridization
A. through mechanization and the creation of new markets
200
Slash and burn agriculture is
A. not sustainable
B. practiced in high, mountainous regions
C. typical for tropical forests
D. a relatively new invention
E. always completely sustainable
C. typical for tropical forests
200
The first tools used by humans in hunting were
A. made of stone
B. simple clubs
C. beaten into shape by copper
D. more complex than we first realized
B. simple clubs
200
_________is (are) widespread in semiarid climates throughout the world
A. ranching
B. tropical plantations
C. dairying
D. slash-and-burn agriculture
E. rice paddies
A. ranching
200
The first agricultural methods probably involved the:
A. the sowing of seeds
B. planting of roots and cuttings
C. transporting whole plants
D. importing of food plants from other regions
B. planting of roots and cuttings
200
Which of the following was NOT a location of independant plant and animal domestication?
A. India
B. Iraq
C. California
D. China
E. Peru
C. California
300
DDT is an example of a ___________ that has had negative effects all the through the food chain
A. herbicide
B. pesticide
C. bacteria
D. fungicide
E. genetically modified organism
B. pesticide
300
During the first half of the 20th century which of the following facilitated the transportation of beef over long distances to global markets
A. commercial canning
B. irradiation of food
C. refrigerated ships
D. airplanes
E. high speed railroads
C. refrigerated ships
300
Farming started about ______years ago
A. 8,000
B. 10,000
C. 12,000
D. 14,000
C. 12,000
300
According to von Thunen, the regional geography of agriculture is determined by
A. land area
B. rent
C. urban marketing
D. availability of material inputs
E. climate
B. rent
300
Production of agricultural products destined primarily for direct consumption by the producer rather than for the market is called
A. plantation farming
B. hunting and gathering
C. subsistence agriculture
D. sedentary cultivation
E. shifting-field agriculture
C. subsistence agriculture
400
Soil specialists must work to overcome the negative effects of ________ associated with agricultural production.
A. fertilization and salinization
B. pesticides and fertilization
C. salinization and topsoil loss
D. topsoil loss and gentrification
E. the Green Revolution and agribusiness
C. salinization and topsoil loss
400
Wild cattle may have first been domesticated for:
A. use as draft animals
B. their milk
C. religious purposes
D. their hides to build shelters
C. religious purposes
400
Fishing probably started
A. before hunting
B. 200,000 years ago
C. during the last ice age when people could fish through the ice
D. when the water warmed and covered the contiental shelves at the end of the last ice age
D. when the water warmed and covered the contiental shelves at the end of the last ice age
400
Which of the following plays a big part in shifting cultivation
A. nomadic existence
B. very fertile soil
C. high population density
D. control of fire
D. control of fire
400
The Green Revolution greatly increased crop production in some countries A. without adverse side effects
B. as a replacement for deindustrialization C. with some adverse side effects D. by encouraging the cultivation of local crop varieties E. by introducing organic agricultural methods
C. with some adverse side effects
500
In which of the following countries is terracing LEAST likely to be used by farming groups to create additional space and minimize erosion on steep slopes?
A. Nepal
B. Peru
C. The Philippines
D. Niger
E. Greece
D. Niger
500
According to the theory of environmental determinism, which of the following areas would have the most productive settlements?
A. tropical regions
B. temperate regions
C. mountainous regions
D. arctic regions
E. arid regions
B. temperate regions
500
In which of the following areas was wheat most probably domesticated earliest
A. southern Italy
B. Northern Libya
C. central Mexico
D. Eastern China
E. Southeastern Turkey
E. Southeastern Turkey
500
Dramatic increases in global grain production since 1950 have been made possible by
A. substantial increases in the amount of land under cultivation
B. global warming
C. an increase of the global workforce
D. an increase in the agricultural workforce
E. an increase in the use of energy and technology
E. an increase in the use of energy and technology
500
The effects of biotechnology
A. are positive because it allows for much greater agricultural yields B. are negative because its expense limits its availability to all farmers across the globe C. are unknown because very little research has been conducted on them D. all of the above E. None of the above