Insect Bodies
How many legs does an insect have?
An insect has 6 legs / 3 pair of legs
What is the first stage of an insect life cycle
An insect starts as an egg
Name at least 4 major cropping systems used in Jamaica
Monoculture, Multiple cropping or mixed cropping, intercropping, Crop rotation, Phase cropping, strip cropping, contour ploughing, Mixed farming, cover cropping.
What is a weed?
A plant growing where it is not wanted
What is open field?
Open field farming is an unenclosed area of land that is farmed on or farming outside without the provision of any form of protection to the crops.
With this type of farming the crops are exposed to rain, sun, insects, leaching of nutrients, soil erosion, flooding, heavy winds etc.
How many body segments does an insect have ?
An insect has three body segments
What stage is a caterpillar in?
A caterpillar is a larva/larve
What is monoculture?
Monoculture is the continuous cultivation and production of only one crop on a plot of land for many years.
Name 3 cultural practices used in the Caribbean
Pruning, Fertilizing, staking, moulding, trellising, thinning out, weeding/ weed control, irrigating, Fallowing and mulching
What is controlled environment?
This is a technology-based approach toward food production. The aim of CEA is to provide protection and maintain optimal growing conditions for the development of the crop.
Production takes place within an enclosed growing structure.
Name the three body segments of an insect
The three body segments are head, thorax and abdomen
What did our caterpillar changed into before it became an butterfly?
They changed to a pupa
Identify 2 disadvantages of monoculture
Disadvantages: This type of system can lead to soil depletion of nutrients, a build-up and rapid spread of pests and diseases, high dependence on chemical
Define the term moulding
this is a simple technique that is done by usually scraping, gathering or heaping soil around the root of plants to prevent soil erosion
Give 3 examples of controlled environment
Growth box
Aeroponics
Greenhouses
Hydroponics
Aquaponics
Other than the three body segments, name three common feature of an insect
Antenna, leg, compound eye, wings
What are the 3 stages of an incomplete metamorphosis?
egg, nymph, adult
(Examples grasshopper, cockroaches, dragonflies)
Give an advantage of mixed farming
One advantage of mixed farming is that animal manure can be acquired from the same farm
What is the benefit of
Mulching
Staking
Pruning
Mulching: improve soil fertility, conserve soil water, controls weed growth
Staking: support plants with weak stems, enable plant to grow upright, keep fruit above the ground, makes weed control, pruning and harvesting easier
Pruning: Improve shape of the plant, Encourages growth and development of fewer nut larger fruits, prevent spread of disease
List 2 advantages of open field
uIt allowed a fair share of good and poorer soils
It allows simple and low cost mechanization for soil preparation, sowing/planting etc..
Large scale production of crops
Irrigation by rain is used
Less expensive to start than the controlled environment
True or False a spider is an insect
Why?
False: a spider is not an insect
Because spiders have 2 body segments while insects have 3, spiders have 8 legs while insects have 6
Name the four stages of a complete metamorphosis
Name 2 insects that undergo this type of metamorphosis
Egg, larva, pupa, adult
butterflies, moths, flies, ants, bees, beetles
What is crop rotation?
Give 1 benefit of crop rotation
Crop rotation is the cultivation of selected crops in succession (one after the other) on the same plot of land.
Benefit: Improved soil health, natural pest control
State 2 advantages and 2 disadvantages of having weeds in your plot
Disadvantage:
weeds compete with crop plants for space, light, water and nutrients.
If weed growth in a crop is heavy, then crop plants are deprived of their requirements and the yield and quality of the produce will suffer.
Weeds can also contaminate the crop produce with their seeds and fruits.
Some weed species act as hosts for pests
Some weeds (for example, redhead) are poisonous to livestock
Advantage:
The rapid germination and growth of weeds on bare
soil provides a cover of vegetation that can help to prevent soil erosion
ploughed-in weeds add organic matter to the soil.
weeds growing around fields attract beneficial insects, such as bees and insects that prey on crop pests.
List 2 disadvantages of controlled environment
High initial cost of investment – expensive to start and operate
Poor pollination rate
High level of management skill required
If by chance pests and diseases are introduced it can easily spread if not noticed quickly.