Ch 53
gold standard dx test for osteomyelitis
What is bone biopsy?
What the nurse should do with the weights in skeletal traction
What is leaving the weights hanging off the bed?
First-line medications for nerve pain (herniated nucleus pulposus)
what is gabapentin, pregabalin, duloxetine, and tramadol?
Testing done before starting plaquenil
What is baseline eye exam and biannual eye exam for retinal toxicity (long-term)?
Slope in upper back that forms from advanced bone loss
What is Dowager’s hump?
actions a patient should NOT do after hip replacement
- flex hip greater than 90 deg
- abduct hip
- cross legs at knees or ankles
- put their own shoes on for 4-6 wks
- sit on chairs without armrests
6 P’s of compartment syndrome
What is pain, pallor, parenthesis, paralysis, pulselessness, and pressure?
Risk factors of LBP
What is obesity, smoking, poor posture, occupation, heavy lifting, poor sleeping posture, stress, depression, and sedentary lifestyle?
Pt teaching w SLE
What is daily sun protection, preventing fatigue (conserve energy, prioritize activity), avoid live vaccines, and do not take oral contraceptives.
Questions to ask patients during MSK assessment
What is pain (OPQRST), swelling, stiffness, deformity, weakness, function, color or temperature changes, sensation (numbness, tingling)?
Hallmark clinical signs of osteomyelitis
What is bone necrosis and sinus tracts between the bone and skin?
S/S of VTE
What is calf pain, differing calf circumference, dyspnea, tachycardia, abnormal breath sounds, pleuritic chest pain, cyanosis, and/or anxiety?
Types of multiple sclerosis
Double for explanation of each type.
What is relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive, progressive relapsing, and primary progressive?
Triggers of lupus
What is pregnancy, sunlight exposure, illness, major surgery (trauma, stress), silica dust, and allergies?
Ways to prevent falls in older adults
What is exercising regularly, review medications, yearly eye examinations, and home safety review?
Test used to do osteoporosis + score
What is DEXA?
What is -2.5 or below?
Complications of amputations
What is hemorrhage, infection, contractures, phantom limb pain, and neuroma?
Nursing action to do for patients experiencing visual deficits with MS
What is patching each eye daily PRN to improve balance and vision?
Joints commonly affected in OA
What is cervical and lumbar spine, hips, knees, proximal and distal interphalangeal, and big toe joints?
Priority actions when acute bone injury is suspected
What is immobilizing extremity, controlling bleeding, elevating limb above level of heart, apply cold packs with cloth, or call 911?
Risk factors of osteoporosis are…
What is white/asian small framed woman, >65 yo, smoking hx, corticosteroids, previous fx hx, and Cushing’s?
What not to do with casts
What is don’t pull any padding from under cast, wet the cast, put objects into cast, use powder or deodorant for itching, trim cast edges, rest heel of leg on pillow or bed?
Pt teaching with MS
What is medication regimen, rest, early S/S of exacerbation (new weakness, numbness, blurred vision, sudden fatigue), and safety measures (fall, loss of sensation)?
S/S of RA
Double if you include OAWhat is symmetrical joint involvement, morning stiffness and fatigue relieved w movement, swan neck, boutonnière deformity, ulnar deviation, scleritis, pleuritis, pleural effusion, or pericarditis?
Nursing implications for MRI
What is assessing for claustrophobia, metal objects (pacemakers, intrauterine devices, heart valve replacements), and presence of medical patches (burning)?