Cultural & Socioeconomic Considerations
Name 1 example of primary prevention
vaccinations
What does the "P" stand for in the OPQRSTUV pain assessment tool?
Provokes or Palliative
What is inspection in the context of physical assessment?
Observing the body for normal/abnormal findings
How do you assess active rang of motion and strength the elbow?
Have patient extend and straighten arms, then flex and bring hand to touch shoulders. Then apply opposing pressure on both movements.
When do we use the bell of our stethescope?
To assess for deeper tones: bruits and murmurs
A patient refuses a certain treatment due to religious beliefs. How should the nurse respond?
Respect the belief, offer alternatives, and collaborate without judgement
What are the 3 different types of health history?
Chief complaint, past medical history, and family history
What colour change might indicate jaundice and where are you most likely to observe it?
Yellow, eye / roof of mouth / skin / nails
What is the correct order for the abdominal assessment and why?
History, Inspection, Auscultation, Palpation. To assess for underlying medical conditions and to not create false bowel sounds
How would you document that your patient has normal lung sounds?
Air entry good to bases, clear, equal bilaterally.
You are caring for an Indigenous patient. What cultural considerations might affect your assessment?
May involve traditions, family roles, mistrust of healthcare. Respect and relational nursing approach key.
"I don't sleep well". What follow-up question would you ask?
"Please describe your sleep routine"
You notice asymmetry in a patient's facial features, how would you document your findings?
Location and description of abnormal finding. Example: Right sided facial drooping, patient unable to raise right eyebrow, right eyelid drooping, and unable to smile with right side of mouth.
You palpate a lump on the patient's neck. What 5 characteristics should you assess?
Size, colour, mobility, tenderness, temperature
What are the land markings for auscultating aortic, pulmonic, tricuspid, and mitral valves?
A - 2nd intercostal space right sternal border
P - 2nd intercostal space left sternal border
T - 5th intercostal space left sternal border
P - 5th intercostal space left midclavicular
How might poverty influence a patient's ability to manage chronic disease?
Limited access to care, medication, healthy food, and safe housing.
Why is it important to ask about OTC medications an supplements during a health history?
They may interact with prescribed medications or affect lab results
During chest inspection, you observe use of accessory muscles. What might this indicate?
Respiratory distress / difficulty breathing
How does a nurse assess a pulse and what is the proper way of documenting normal finding?
With 2-3 finger tips (pointer, middle, or ring)
Location, regular in rhythm, strong or +2, equal bilaterally
A nurse hears a bruit over the right renal artery, what would cause this?
Turbulent blood flow, possibly from narrowing, stenosis, blockage
How can a nurse tailor health teaching to a patient with low health literacy?
Use plain language and avoid medical jargon, teach-back method, visual aids
A patient denies smoking, but you smell tobacco. How do you proceed?
Document the observation, avoid confrontation, and revisit the topic later
What can you observe in your general survey?
LOC, affect, nutritional status, posture, hygiene
When palpating the precordium what are you assessing for?
Heaves, lifts, thrills, implants, crepitus
You auscultate the heart and hear an extra sound "lub- di-dub" How you document this finding and why is there another heart sound?
Location of where auscultated (i.e aortic valve) S3 or S4 auscultated. Reason for additional sound is due to part of a valve closing too early or too late.