Hypothesis Testing
this type of hypothesis states that there is no effect or no difference; it is what we assume to be true until evidence suggests otherwise
null hypothesis
the middle value of a data set when the numbers are arranged in order
median
This Olympic swimmer holds the record for the most gold medals in a single Olympics, winning eight in 2008.
Michael Phelps
this is the smallest country in the world by land mass
vatican city
This long-running animated TV show, which first aired in 1989, holds the record for the most episodes of any American sitcom.
Simpsons
this is the name of a smaller group taken from a population to test a hypothesis
sample
the difference between the maximum and minimum values in a data set
range
This football club, founded in 1899, is one of the most successful in European competition history, winning the UEFA Champions League five times.
FC Barcelona
This mountain range, extending over 7,000 kilometers, is the longest continental mountain range in the world.
the Andes
This iconic director, known for films like "Vertigo" and "Psycho," is often referred to as the "Master of Suspense."
Alfred Hitchcock
to see if the distribution of eyecolors follows an expected ratio in a population, we would use this type of hypothesis testing
chi-squared (goodness of fit, specifically!)
this measure of central tendency is affected most by outliers
mean
Known as "The Great One," this hockey player holds the NHL record for the most career goals, assists, and points.
Wayne Gretzky
This landlocked country in South America is the only country in the continent that does not have a coastline along with Paraguay.
Bolivia
This classic rock album by Pink Floyd, released in 1973, features a prism on its cover and has been one of the best-selling albums of all time.
Dark Side of the Moon
we set the significance level of a hypothesis test at
alpha=.1
We find the p-value to be p=.42. We must do this (accept/reject) to the null hypothesis.
accept
in a box plot, what do the “whiskers” represent
the max and min values
Known for his unorthodox style and multiple Grand Slam titles, this Serbian tennis player has been ranked world No. 1 for over 350 weeks.
Novak Djokovic
This tectonically active country is located at the intersection of the North American and Eurasian plates and is known for its geothermal activity and volcanic landscape.
Iceland
this 2023 film directed by Martin Scorsese features Leonardo DiCaprio and Robert De Niro in a historical drama about a series of murders in the Osage Nation
Killers of the Flower Moon
A school principal wants to know if a new teaching method improves math test scores compared to the traditional method. They test the scores of 50 students taught with the new method and compare them to 50 students taught with the traditional method. We should use this hypothesis test.
a small standard deviation tells you that a data set is
closely clustered around the mean
in F1 racing, this person holds the record for the most World Drivers’ Championships
Lewis Hamilton and Michael Schumacher (tied with seven each)
France
This 1980 film directed by Stanley Kubrick is based on a Stephen King novel and is famous for the line, "Here’s Johnny!"
The Shining