Units 1&2- Introduction & Data Collection
Unit 3- Managing Human Populations
Unit 4- Ecosystems & Biodiversity
Units 5&6- Managing Resources and Water Supplies
Units 7&8- Atmosphere and Climate Change
100
List the 7 continents and 5 oceans
Continents: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Europe, North America, South America and Oceania
Oceans: Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean and Southern Ocean
100
What 5 factors influence population density and distribution?
Environmental, social, economic, political, and historical factors
100
Define ecosystem productivity
The rate of production of biomass for an ecosystem
100
What 2 illnesses are caused by contaminated drinking water?
Cholera and diarrhea
100
Define acid deposition
A mix of air pollutants that deposit from the atmosphere as acidic wet deposition (with a pH <5.6) or acidic dry deposition
200
State the 5 major components of the Earth’s atmosphere
nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, water vapor
200
Define dependency ratio.
The measure of the dependent portion of the population compared to the total independent portion of the population. The ratio is expressed as the number of dependents per hundred people in the workforce.
200
What are the 5 benefits of conserving biodiversity?
1. potential medicines
2. gene diversity
3. cultural and recreational value
4. ecological services
5. food, wood, fibers, oils, and fuels
200
What are the 4 impacts of water insecurity?
1. Reduced crop yield or crop failure
2. Livestock death
3. Food shortage, malnutrition, famine
4. illness from water contamination
200
How does climate change impact the environment? Give 3 reasons.
Changes in: temperature and precipitation, sea level, ocean and wind circulation, melting of sea ice, ice sheets, glaciers and permafrost, and species distribution and biodiversity
300
What methods of data collection include the use of technology? Give 3 examples.
1. geospatial systems
2. satellite sensors
3. radio tracking
4. computer modelling
5. crowd sourcing
300
What are the 4 impacts of aging populations?
1. lower tax revenues
2. higher pension spending
3. pressure on healthcare
4. pressure to raise retirement age
300
What impacts do human activity have on Antarctica? Give 3 examples
1. climate change
2. ozone depletion
3. tourism
4. overfishing
5. future mineral and oil extraction
6. scientific research
300
Define water security
The ability to access sufficient quantities of clean water to maintain adequate standards of food and manufacturing of goods, adequate sanitation and sustainable health care
300
What geo-engineering strategies work to counteract climate change? Give 2 examples
Solar radiation management (SRMs) - albedo enhancement, space reflectors, stratospheric aerosols
400
Give 3 examples of biotic interactions
Competition (inter-specific and intra-specific), grazing, and predation
400
What 4 steps do you follow to analyze population pyramids, such as the one featured?
1. Divide pyramid into sections (young dependents, independents, and old dependents) to determine age distribution.
2. Note how long people are living to interpret life expectancy and economic development
3. Look for unusual bulges and suggest possible causes
4. Note shape of pyramid and its implications
400
What kinds of organisms does the EDGE program highlight?
Species on the verge of extinction and species distinct in the way they look, live, and behave, as well as their genetic structure. It works to raise funds and awareness.
400
What 4 ways is Earth's water distributed?
Salt water, surface freshwater, sub-surface freshwater, and atmospheric water
400
What 3 features in Antarctica cause it to have the greatest ozone depletion?
1. Polar stratospheric clouds
2. Polar vortex
3. Temperature
500
Name ALL 7 abiotic components of an ecosystem
Temperature, humidity, water, oxygen, salinity, light, and pH
500
What are the 5 strategies for managing a changing population?
1. improve contraceptive availability
2. improve contraception education
3. improved education and opportunities for women
4. improved health care
5. local, national, and global policies
500
What impact do invasive species have on biodiversity?
They reduce biodiversity as they rapidly spread and outcompete with native flora and fauna. This can also indirectly alter food webs.
500
Name ALL 7 impacts that food insecurity has on a region.
1. regional food scarcity
2. poverty
3. forced migration
4. nutritional deficiency and malnutrition
5. conflict
6. famine
7. death
500
Outline the difficulties of monitoring and predicting climate change (give 5)
Limited historical data, different variables between models, limited understanding of climate feedback models, time delay between cause and effect, data uncertainty