Before 1914
Treaty of Berlin of 1885 , describe it
from the berlin conference, treaty of berlin was signed in 1885, it states that colonizer must gain the agreement of African leaders, notification of
Europeans, and must establish settlements/government/authoritative system
Treaty of Rapallo
agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union in 1922 that normalized
diplomatic relations and ensured economic cooperation between the two
What was the 1923 Invasion of the Ruhr? What did it lead to?
Germany could not pay reparations and the reparations council met and voted to occupy the Rhineland. France and Belgium invaded the Ruhr and both violated the League of Nations Charter - the new British Prime Minister chose not to do anything about the invasion. This led to the creation of the Dawes plan.
What caused the start of WWII?
The German invasion of Poland in 1939
How many sources do you use in a Paper 1A?
2
What was President Roosevelt's foreign policy and how was it enforced?
Big Stick Diplomacy; Roosevelt added the Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe Doctrine - The US would prevent European influence in the western hemisphere and the US would intervene in the domestic affairs of its neighbors if they were unable to maintain order and sovereignty
The League of Nations was created due to the devastating effects of WWI, what was the main idea proposed during the drafting of the League?
Collective security
How did the Dawes Plan work?
Circular flow
- Germany received a mass amount of money from the US so they can pay back Britain and France and build their economy back up
- Britain and France can use this money to pay back the US
- The US makes interest off of this plan
What is one of the largest reasons the allies win WWII?
The American Economy; Even after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the US was able to bring together the private industries to produce materials for the war. The industrial output of the US is simply just able to produce more weapons at a faster pace than the Axis powers.
How many sources do you use in a Paper 1B?
4
How did Japan become a modern power?
Rapid modernization; Japan modeled themselves after the Europeans, they developed industries, made mandatory military service for all males, patriotism and military values were stressed in schools, and they also build 28 modern warships in a very short amount of time
How did Japan's 21 demands affect Chinese attitude towards Japan?
The 21 demands issued by Japan greatly increased anti-Japanese feelings in China. The demands would give Japan control over China, which would defeat the idea of self-determination.
What was the Protectionist Policy set by America during the late 1920's and 1930's
American business would grow by inflating prices massively in European markets
What were the sides of the Spanish Civil War and what outside influences supported each side?
Republicans (Elected government of Spain - Second Spanish Republic) - Publicly supported by the USSR and Mexico
Nationalists ( Rebels) - Supported by Germany and Italy
True or False, for all questions of Papers 2B, you need a two sided balanced essay
True!
What role did yellow journalism play in the Spanish American War?
Yellow journalism used the newspapers to convince the American People to intervene in Cuba.
War begins by propaganda, the Spanish and the American papers report two different sides of what happened with the implosion of the US ship.
McKinley declares war on Spain in the name of humanity in 1898 partly due to media pressure
What were the impacts of the US not signing The Treaty of Versailles? provide 3 examples
France was deprived of the U.S as strong allies, U.S withdrew from Europe (isolation), the League of Nations lacked some legitimacy without U.S influence,
League would be controlled by the major powers of the council: Italy, Britain, France and Japan who were often bias
Why could the Locarno Treaties be considered the best peace possible?
The treaty improved relations between France and Germany. It was the first time that they were able to come together to civilly work things out without military interference.
How much action was taken against Japan during the Manchurian Crisis?
The LoN issued the Lytton Report but did not take any real action. The US took no real action except to verbally condemn the Japanese attack. No country wanted to put sanctions on Japan because they're in the middle of the Great Depression and didn't want to waste resource on them.
True or False, you have to be able to tie all of your knowledge and understand historical references back to the question in paper 1A and Paper 1B
True!
How did tensions between Germany and Britain during the Boer Wars contribute to their hostilities in WWI?
The Kruger Telegram began the tensions between the two countries. The British took the telegram as a form of hostility towards them, which built the tensions. Britain was also afraid that German imperialism would threaten British imperialism.
What were the political impacts of the May Fourth Movement?
Chinese historians say the movement marked the beginning o the struggle to restore the integrity and maintain the unity of China.
- The movement suggested the way to restore unity and strength was to adopt western ideas and values such as democracy
- The movement helped to shape the early ideologies of China's main political parties KMT and CCP in the 1920's
What role did appeasement play in the Corfu Incident? Was the incident a League of Nations success or failure?
Appeasement played a large role in the Corfu Incident because Britain and France allowed Italy to defy the League because they wanted to maintain friendship and good standings with Italy against a rising German threat.
- The Corfu Incident was the most significant failure of the League of Nations in the 1920s
How did the Great Depression help the rise of fascism in Germany?
The economic devastation caused the US to stop providing Germany with loans and mass unemployment in Germany arose. These two events frustrated the public and caused desperation.
The desperation allowed Hitler to emerge as a German leader, promising to stabilize the country, rebuild the economy, and restore the lost empire.
Who are the very best tutors in the entire world?
Each other!