Unit 2
Which type of bond occurs when atoms share electrons?
Covalent
List the evidence for plate tectonics.
1. Paleomagnetic striping on ocean floor
2. Same fossils on different continents
3. Same rock formations/ages on different continents
4. Continents fit together like a puzzle
All producers have what trophic level?
1
Name one characteristic specific to bony fishes.
- Swim bladder
- Calcified bones
- Operculum
Which zone of the ocean is found between the mesopelagic and abyssopelagic?
Which processes cause salinity to decrease in the ocean?
Runoff, ice melting, precipitation
Which plate boundary(ies) cause tsunamis to form?
Convergent
Describe the symbiotic relationship between coral and zooxanthellae.
- Mutualism
- Coral gets oxygen and food (glucose)
- Zooxanthellae gets habitat and carbon dioxide
What compound makes up the outer covering of crustaceans?
Chitin
Which of the following are biotic factors in the ocean? - Disease, salinity, temperature, predation, inter-specific competition, and dissolved oxygen.
Disease, inter-specific competition, and predation
Why is an electronic pH probe the best way to measure pH?
What is the final step of hydrothermal vent formation?
Mineral rich water erupts from the sea floor, and the minerals precipitate out of solution, forming the chimney
What is the word equation for respiration?
glucose + oxygen -------> carbon dioxide + water
What word describes an organism's role in an ecosystem?
Niche
What term describes the mode of reproduction used by mangrove trees?
Viviparity/viviparous
What causes the oxygen minimum layer at about 500m in the ocean?
- Lack of sunlight for photosynthesis
- High rates of respiration and decomposition
- Too deep for atmospheric mixing
List the factors that cause surface currents to form.
1. Coriolis effect
2. Wind
List 3 biological uses for phosphorus.
1. Cell membranes
2. DNA/RNA
3. ATP
List all nine levels of classification in order.
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
- Protects against wave action
- Allows water to be trapped to prevent desiccation
What word can be used to describe ANY ionic molecule?
What are the impacts of El Nino and La Nina in Australia and Indonesia?
El Nino - drought
La Nina - flooding
Why are oceanic pyramids of biomass often inverted?
- Small mass of ocean producers (most are microscopic)
- Sampling issues (most ocean producers have a short life span)
List the three types of biodiversity.
1. Species
2. Genetic
3. Ecosystem
What is the name of the cell that allows Cnidarians to sting prey and predators?
Cnidocyte