AICE Marine Topics 8 - 15

Topic 8 (Physiology)

100

The two main sources of energy in marine environments

Sun and Hydrothermal Vents

200

Besides providing energy to the food chain, producers also provide this:

Habitat/Structure 

300

This color of the rainbow is known to travel the deepest compared to other pigments

Blue

400

This fluid both surrounds the thylakoid, and is the location for glucose synthesis

Stroma

500

From top to bottom, _____ are the four main parts of this producer. (Four Answers)

1) Blades

2) Float

3) Stipe

4) Holdfast

Topic 9(Aspects of marine animal physiology)

100

This type of ventilation happens when stationary, and is common in bottom dwelling fish 

Pumped-ventilation 

200

This process, used without a permeable membrane, has molecules moving from high to low pressure areas

Diffusion

300

Larger organisms, who have this, obtain things like oxygen less efficiently than their smaller counterparts

 Smaller SA:V ratio 

400

In the above image, the far-right image displays this type of solution 

Hypertonic Solution

500

An animal whose body fluids are naturally balanced with that of its surrounding environment is known as this:

Osmoconformer 

Topic 10 (Marine animal reproductive behavior)

100

This habitat is known for harboring juvenile/larval fish, specifically that of the grouper

Sea Grasses / Mangroves 

200

This type of fertilization has large numbers of egg and sperm released into the air and has an increased chance of fertilization

External Fertilization 

300

This species of fish usually dies after reproducing, due to use of energy, and complete their life cycle

Salmon 

400

This species of fish has their fertilized eggs float and form part of zooplankton 

Tuna

500

This type of shark reproduction has fully formed live offspring that have been nourished from a mothers placenta

Viviparity

Topic 11(Fisheries)

100

This term, abbreviated by the acronym MSY, describes the maximum catch that can be extracted from a fish or other population in the long term

Maximum Sustainable Yeild

200

This term describes the number of surviving fish entering a fish stock

Recruitment 

300

The implementation of fishing restrictions usually has this benefit in the long term (multiple answers accepted)

Sustainable industry 

or 

Long term employment 

or

Increased fish stocks

400

This method of fishing is known as one of, if not the most, sustainable forms of fishing

Rod and Line / Poll and Line

500

This equation, which represents CPUE, can be used to measure the health of fish stocks

Fish catch /over/ fishing effort

Topic 12(Aquaculture)

100

Bu 2030, it is stated that ____ of the worlds fish consumption will be farmed

Two Thirds

200

This type of aquaculture is kept in a natural situation and does not require artificial feeding

Extensive 

300

In this fish's aquaculture system, adult fish are taken from the wild to act as brood fish 

Grouper

400

This disadvantage of aquaculture, apparent in shrimp farming, results from the tearing down of mangroves for more space

Habitat Destruction 

500

Running a successful aquaculture business requires many things, this is just one of those things (multiple answers listed)

Profits or Sustainability or Market Demand or other acceptable responses

Topic 13(Human impacts on marine ecosystems)

100

This process shows the increase in the concentration of pollutants as you go further up the food chain

Biomagnification 

200

This substance was used on the hulls of ships to keep organisms from attaching themselves and slowing down the ship

Antifouling/TBT paint

300

This form of locating oil in the ocean involves shooting loud blasts of compressed air into the seabed and reading reflecting information

Seismic Blasting 

400

Debris and refuse can be harmful to marine animals, this is one of the ways in which the debris harms/kills animals (multiple answers listed)

Caught in throats (suffocation)

or

Poisoned

or

Starved

500

Name 3 reasons supporting the idea that global warming is caused by human activity.

• Global temperature rise over last century is linked to CO2  rise;

• CO2  released by fossil fuel burning (more now than in past);

• Increased number of cars/power stations;

• Loss of agricultural land as a carbon sink;

• Deforestation;

• CH4 due to rice/cattle farming;

• Landfill/rubbish;

• CFCs increase from aerosol / refrigerants;

Topic 14(Marine conservation & ecotourism)

100

This term is described as the protection & preservation of natural resources & of the environment

Conservation

200

A person who has either commercial and ecological interest in a particilar area

Stakeholder

300

This type of area is established by governments, sometimes affects fisheries, and activities within its boundaries are controlled and regulated

MPA or Marine Protected Area

400

The relationships that exist between species & their environment within an ecosystem.

Ecological Linkage

500

In the U.S. MPAs cover this percentage of marine waters

41%

Topic 15 (Marine biotech)

100

The industrial application of scientific &  engineering techniques to biological processes

Biotechnology

200

A length of DNA that codes for a particular protein

Gene

300

This biology term is used to describe the process in which humans pick species to mate with desirable traits

Selective Breeding

400

The idea in science that there is proof that an experiment will provide no threat or risk to the environment or people

Precautionary Principle 

500

These organisms are being genetically modified by scientists in hopes to create a solution to oil spills in the future

Oil-Eating bacteria ora Oil-Eating microbes