Participants
What was the name of the university where the study took place?
Kyoto University in Japan
What were the 2 conditions of this study?
Can See condition
Cannot See condition
What type of research design was used?
Repeated measures design
What was the sampling technique?
Opportunity
How many Chimps were used?
5 chimps
When the recipient received the object and succeeded in obtaining the juice reward
After 5 minutes had elapsed without an object being passed
Because lab experiments are so regulated and highly controlled, it has high ________
Reliability
Object offer was categorized in two ways:
Upon request (asked for tool)
Voluntary (given tool without asking)
How many trials were used for each phase?
48 trials for each phase
What had the participants previously been trained to do?
Taught to solve the problem present to them (getting the juice) but no other training or shaping had been conducted
What are 2 details about the booths?
Structure was 200 cm tall
Hole was 1 meter off the floor
Opaque or transparent wall depending on the conditions
What is a weakness of the experiment?
- Lacks mundane realism as chimps belong in the wild
- Low ecological validity b/c it was done in a lab
(There are other possible weaknesses)
What were the percentage results of objects offered for the 3 phases?
can see 1 - 91%
cannot see - 96%
can see 2 - 98%
Identify a psychology being investigated
- Theory of Mind
- Altruism
- Targeted helping
What was the name of the chimp that did not partake in the study?
Chloe, the mother of Cleo
Explain why the Can See condition was done twice
To test whether the experimental order was having an effect on object choice
Explain why the study has low generalizability
no, only used five chimps and chimps bred in captivity so findings are harder to generalize to wild chimp behavior in helping others
What did previous studies find in regards to animals and altruism?
Primates showed altruistic food sharing.
How can the study be applied to everyday life?
- It can be applicable to children in terms of development and education about helping others.
- Also could help us recognize the need/signs for help in those who are nonverbal
Name the 5 participants
Cleo, Ai, Ayumu, Pan, Pal
Name the 7 objects offered to the chimps
hose, brush, rope, chain, belt, stick, straw
Explain 3 animal ethical guidelines that were respected in this study.
- # of animals: They were kept at a minimum needed to produce valid and reliable results
- No pain/distress: None were harmed physically or psychologically
- Housing: In social housing when not in booths
- Reward, deprivation...: Did not deprive them of food/drink, "rewarded" with juice box
What were the 2 conclusions
Chimps will help upon request, not spontaneously.
Chimps will help if they can see what the problem is.
what were the IV and DV and data type?
iv- can see and cannot see conditions
dv- proportion of trials where the stick or straw was given or not given
data- quantitative: as above