Experiments & Experimental Design
Other Research Methods
Evaluating Research
Sampling & Data
Ethics
100
Experiments are designed to find THIS type of relationship.
Cause and Effect
100
When a researcher collects data by watching a participants behavior.
What is an observation?
100
This is the 5 letter acronym we use to evaluate/judge research.
What is GRAVE?
100
The participants willingly participate (Ex. responding to an advertisement)
What is Volunteer Sampling?
100
Participants should not be exposed to abnormal risk/personal injury.
What is protection from harm?
200
This is a strength of a field experiment:
What is seeing the real/natural behavior of participants? No Demand Characteristics
OR
What is not needing a laboratory?
200
Limited-response questions that collect quantitative data. (Ex. Multiple-choice)
What are Closed Questions?
200
Keeping all parts of the procedure the same for everyone.
What is Standardization?
200
This type of data shows quality of thought, rather than numbers.
What is qualitative data?
200
Participants can leave the experiment at any time.
What is the Right To Withdraw?
300
Separate groups are used for each IV
What is Independent Measures Design?
300
Jane Goodall observed chimpanzees in their natural habitat. She wanted to understand their natural behavior. Ms. Goodall conducted THIS type of observation:
What is naturalistic observation?
300
This is the idea that an experiment's procedures should relate to a real world situation. Field experiments are usually strong here.
What is ecological validity?
300
Mean, Median, and Mode are all measures of this:
What is central tendency?
300
This is when participants are lied to about the aim or methods of a study.
What is Deception?
400
An individual difference in a participant, such as age, memory, or caffeine tolerance.
What is a Participant Variable?
400
These are interviews where most of the questions are predetermined, but the researcher has freedom to ask other relevant questions.
What are structured interviews?
400
Features of an experiment that give away the goal of the study, and may cause participants to behave unnaturally.
What are Demand Characteristics?
BONUS: What evaluation criteria do demand characteristics lower? G/R/A/V/E?
400
This is what a normal distribution/bell curve looks like:
(draw!!)
Bonus: what type of graph is this?
400
Personal information should not be released to anyone outside the study.
What is Confidentiality?
500
These are the three types of Experimental Design:
What are repeated measures, independent measures, and matched pairs?
500
This is what correlational studies can NEVER do:
What is determine causation/cause and effect.
500
The extent to which the researcher is testing what they should be.
What is Validity?
500
In the Milgram experiment, participants responded to an ad posted around town. This is the sampling method used:
What is volunteer sampling?
BONUS: What was the AIM of the Milgram Experiment?
500
Participants are fully aware of the parts of the experiment and agree to participate.
What is Informed Consent?
600
This is a weakness of repeated measures design, where the same participants experience each level of the IV
(they go through the procedures multiple times).
What are order effects?
Participants are exposed to each level of the IV, and therefore may experience practice/fatigue effects
600
Case Studies use multiple methods to understand a specific patient or small group.
THIS is the name for the requirement that a case study must use 3 methods to gather data.
What is triangulation?
600
Only white males were tested in the Milgram Experiment. This lowered the experiments...
(hint: measure of how well the sample matches the population?)
What is Generalizability?
600
This is a strength of opportunity sampling
What is easiest for the researcher/gets the most participants fastest?
600
Housing, Pain and Suffering, and Replacement are ethical issues when it comes to this:
What is animal studies/nonhuman participants/using animals in psychological research?