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A cell type that has membrane enclosed organelles, and it much larger than its counterpart cell type.
What is a eukaryotic cell?
The thylakoids appear green because their pigments are best suited to absorb this/these colors.
What are blue, purple, and red?
Two chromosomes of a pair with the same length, centromere position, staining pattern, and traits coded for by their genes.
What are homologous chromosomes?
Heterozygous individuals who are usually phenotypically normal, but may transmit the recessive allele to their offspring.
What are carriers?
After 2 years of breeding flies, Morgan found one fly that looked like this.
What is a white-eyed male?
This is the fluid found outside the thylakoids of a plant cell's chloroplasts.
What is the stroma?
During the light reactions, this molecule is split, releasing oxygen gas as a byproduct.
What is H2O?
In plant cells, this structure, a precursor to the cell wall, arises from vesicles during cytokinesis.
What is the cell plate?
An organism that has two different alleles for a gene.
What is a heterozygote?
Chromosomal breakage can lead to this, where one segment of DNA is repeated.
What is duplication?
This metabolic pathway consumes energy to build up complicated molecules from simpler ones.
What is anabolism?
This enzyme catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle, and is thought to be the most abundant protein on Earth.
What is rubisco?
These are the x-shaped points of attachment that become visible following crossing over.
What are chiasmata?
This is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation, when their monohybrid, heterozygote parents self-pollinate.
What is 3:1?
A man who carries an allele of an X-linked gene will pass it on to this percentage of daughters.
What is 100%?
An animal cell in this solution will burst, as water will enter the cell faster than it leaves.
What is hypotonic?
Three turns of the Calvin cycle will produce six G3P molecules, five of which will be recycled into three of this molecule.
What is RuBP?
Three mechanisms that contribute to genetic variation are crossing over, random fertilization, and this.
What is independent assortment of chromosomes?
When two or more genes have an additive effect on one character.
What is polygenic inheritance?
This condition, where an organism has more than two complete sets of chromosomes, is quite common in plants.
What is polyploidy?
This motor protein is associated with the largest of the cytoskeletal components.
What is dynein?
Multiple light-harvesting complexes surrounding a single reaction-center complex create this structure required for photosynthesis.
What is a photosystem?
Brain and muscle cells often exit the cell cycle, switching into a non-dividing state called this.
What is the G0 phase?
A gene at one locus alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at a second locus.
What is epistasis?
A nondisjunction event occurring here leads to 1/2 normal gametes, 1/4 gametes with n+1, and 1/4 gametes with n-1.
What is meiosis II?