Airway Skills & Management
What is the primary reason for inserting an oropharyngeal airway?
To prevent the tongue from occluding the airway.
What is the medical term for breathing that is too fast?
Tachypnea. (Over 20/min)
What is the lung sound that is a high-pitched whistling, often heard in asthma?
A wheeze.
This part of the airway is responsible for filtering and warming air.
The upper airway.
What are the two primary components of COPD?
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
What is the proper action to take when suctioning a patient's airway to avoid hypoxia?
Limit suctioning to no more than 10 seconds.
What is the breathing rate in an adult that is considered too slow?
Bradypnea. (Less than 12/min)
This condition is caused by a ruptured bleb in a seemingly healthy individual.
A spontaneous pneumothorax.
These tiny air sacs are the site of gas exchange.
Alveoli.
What is the buildup of fluid in the lungs, often caused by left-sided heart failure?
Pulmonary edema.
You are using this technique to create a tight seal for bag-valve mask ventilations.
The E-C clamp technique.
What is the amount of air to deliver with each ventilation to ensure adequate chest rise?
500cc's adult male, 300cc's adult female, breathe every 6 seconds with BVM
What are the two types of receptors that cause bronchodilation and vasoconstriction?
Beta-2 and Alpha-1 receptors.
This is the body's secondary respiratory drive, which relies on oxygen levels to stimulate breathing.
The hypoxic drive
The pathophysiology of this condition is a gradual reduction of blood flow to the heart, leading to chest pain.
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
What is the treatment goal for oxygenating a COPD patient, expressed as an SpO2 range?
To maintain an SpO2 of 88-92%.
What is the dangerous result of a patient breathing too rapidly and deeply, causing a drop in carbon dioxide?
Respiratory alkalosis.
What is the term for a patient waking up from sleep suddenly feeling short of breath?
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
The two major divisions of the nervous system.
The central and peripheral nervous systems.
In this specific form of heart failure, fluid backs up into the body, causing pedal edema.
Right-sided heart failure.
This is a life-threatening complication that occurs when air enters the chest cavity and becomes trapped, shifting the mediastinum.
A tension pneumothorax.
What are the two major divisions of the nervous system?
The central and peripheral nervous systems.
A patient with a tracheostomy tube has an increased risk of these three complications.
Bleeding, infection, and obstruction.
These are the three layers of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.
The meninges.
What are the two different types of strokes, based on their cause?
Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.