Basics
The 3R Principle that is defined as improving a procedure to reduce pain and distress or to minimize the number of potentially painful procedures animals undergo.
Refinement
Cage washer temperatures should reach this to ensure sanitization
180 'F
Sometimes called axenic animals, mice with this microbiological statis harbor no detectable bacteria, viruses, or other organisms
Germfree
12 kg is this many grams
12,000
This vitamin must be provided to guinea pigs
Vitamin C
An area is considered a noise hazard if sound levels are regularly at or above this.
85 decibels
This is the process of reducing the number of microorganisms on a surface or object
Sanitization
Fentanyl, buprenorphine, morphine, meloxicam are this type of drug
Analgesic
An animal that has had a gene "turned off"
Knockout
A microchip, a tag & collar, or a tattoo
This body administers and enforces the PHS Policy
OLAW or Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare
The relative humidity in animal rooms should be maintained within in this range
30% to 70%
This term describes a disease that does not cause any visible signs
Subclinical
This mating system is when one male is kept with two or more females thru copulation, gestation, and rearing of young
Harem Mating
The four chambers of a goat's stomach
rumen, reticulum, abomasum, omasum
These are the 3 key factors that protect against radiation
Shielding, Time, and Distance
This amino acid-like molecule is essential for cats, but not for other species
Taurine
Cervical dislocation is acceptable only for small mammals and rodents weighing less than this weight
200g
Referring to types of scientific research, what would a study that test the safety of a new drug be classified as
Safety Evaluation
These are forms of enrichment for horses (name 3).
human contact, horse or goat contact, bushes, balls
The Guide describes standards for these 5 components of animal care.
qualifications and training
occupational health & safety
vet care
animal environment
animal procurement and transportation
surgical and postsurgical care
alleviation of pain and distress & euthanasia
physical plant design & constructions
These 5 things determine the necessary size of a primary enclosure
experimental requirements
animal's body weight
animal's height or length
exercise requirements
enrichment needs
These are reasons why tranquilizers are used before anesthesia (name 2)
to calm the animal to induce anesthesia more smoothly
to reduce the amount or anesthetic required
This formula converts Celsius into Fahrenheit
F = (C * 9/5) + 32
Mice will usually start breeding at this age (in days)
50