Alcohol Production & Absorption
The type of alcohol "most people drink," produced using this method. Alcohol content is 10-15%.
What is distillation?
When present, these reduce alcohol dehydrogenase & first pass metabolism, causing absorption to be slower.
What is medication?
Alcohol has a similar effect to brain
damage to this brain area, causing impulsivity, memory interference, and difficulties with attention, planning, problem-solving, etc.
What is the PFC (Prefrontal Cortex)?
Loss of restraint or inability to withhold behavior.
What is Disinhibition?
A higher level of alcohol, produced by starting with fermentation, heating the mixture, and condensing it after it cools.
What is distillation?
Barrier(s) crossed by alcohol.
What are placental and blood brain barriers?
Alcohol usage is reinforced through greater levels of dopamine, via increased activity in this brain pathway.
What is the mesolimbic dopamine system?
Chronic administration of alcohol can lead to _____ of the liver, leading to liver failure and death. Said to be caused by 5 drinks per day for 5 years.
What is cirrhosis of the liver?
The time it takes for alcohol to get to the brain on an empty stomach.
What is 1 minute?
Mg of alcohol per 100 ml of blood.
Above 150 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, the likelihood of these effects increases. (Above 200-290 mg/100ml, stupor, loss of understanding, blackout, and loss of consciousness are likely.)
What are nausea and vomiting?
Effects of alcohol damaging the brain, interfering with the production of Vitamin B1, and causing bleeding in the brain.
What is Wernicke-Korsakoff’s syndrome?
Enzyme that breaks down alcohol.
What is alcohol dehydrogenase?
Alcohol stimulates these types of receptors, opening chloride channels, causing the depressant effect.
What are GABA receptors?
Lengthy alcohol abuse can lead to reddening of the face and nose, due to ______________ of facial capillaries.
What is dilation?
Reproductive effect leading to behavioral,
anatomical, physiological, and cognitive irregularities in children.
What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?
Administered orally, alcohol goes to the stomach and small intestine, then to the liver where it's processed, and then into the bloodstream. This is known as:
What is First Pass Metabolism?
Alcohol blocks the stimulation of these receptors, further leading to the depressant effect.
What are glutamate receptors?
Above 100mg/100ml (BAC), the likelihood of a fatal vehicle crash is________ more likely.
What is 7 times?
A substance that is physiologically stressful and toxic at high dose, but has beneficial effects at low dose.
What is Hormesis?