General AOD Knowledge
This substance is the leading cause of preventable disease in Australia
Tobacco
A substance that mimics the actions of a neurotransmitter or hormone to produce a response
An agonist
It's the Recovery Star domain which discusses alcohol & other drug use
Addictive Behaviour
This intervention is a collaborative, goal-oriented style of communication with particular attention to the language of change.
Motivational Interviewing
This is the overarching principle of the current Australian National Drug Strategy
Harm minimisation
This substance is the most common drug of concern for which people received treatment
Alcohol
This neurotransmitter is responsible for reinforcing motivation & pleasurable experiences, & is a key driver in addiction
Dopamine
This medication reverses the effects of an opioid overdose, and is available for free over-the-counter
Naloxone
This is the foundation of motivational interviewing & has four elements:
- Partnership
- Acceptance
- Compassion
- Evocation
The Spirit of Motivational Interviewing
These are the three pillars of the harm minimisation approach
1. Harm reduction
2. Supply reduction
3. Demand reduction
This is the approximate percentage of people who experience co-occurring substance use disorders and mental illness
25%
Dysfunction in this part of the brain contributes to impulsive & compulsive substance seeking behaviours
Pre-frontal cortex
This is a type of psychosocial intervention, of less than 90min, which can be delivered opportunistically by a variety of clinicians and in a wide range of settings.
Brief Interventions
These are the four core skills of Motivational Interviewing
OARS
Open questions - Affirmations - Reflections - Summarisations
This pillar is described as reducing the adverse health, social and economic consequences of the use of AOD, using evidence-based strategies without judgement
Harm reduction
This is the life-threatening lung condition caused by vaping / e-cigarettes
E-cigarette or Vaping Associated Lung Injury (EVALI)
Negative feelings associated with withdrawal come from overactivation of the stress response in this part of the brain
Extended amygdala
This psychosocial intervention is aimed at identifying and challenging unhelpful thoughts, learning how these thoughts shape mood, and how together they impact behaviour.
It has the best-documented efficacy of the psychosocial approaches for the treatment of people with harmful AOD use
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
These are the four fundamental processes of Motivational Interviewing
Engaging - Focusing - Evoking - Planning
This pillar is described as preventing or delaying the use of AOD; reducing the misuse of AOD; and supporting people to recover from dependence through evidence-informed treatment
Demand reduction
Fill in the blanks from the DSM5-TR description of a Substance Use Disorder:
A cluster of BLANK, BLANK, and BLANK symptoms indicating that the individual continues using the substance despite significant substance-related problems.
Cognitive, Behavioural, and Physiological
This part of the brain becomes desensitised with repeated exposure to drugs, resulting in reduced feelings of pleasure from natural rewards
Basal ganglia
These are the guiding principles of AOD psychosocial interventions in NSW Health
(Name 3)
- Person-centred
- Trauma-informed
- Holistic
- Reducing harms / harm reduction
- Addressing stigma & discrimination
- NSW Clinical Care Standards for AOD Treatment
- Responsive to violence, abuse, & neglect
This framework can be used to respectfully share information with a consumer
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Or the Recovery Star version:
Preface-Elicit-Permission-Provide-Elicit
Australia has adopted and promoted a harm minimisation approach since this year
1985