Landforms
True or false: A landform is a natural land shape or feature
True
How many layers does the Earth have?
4
We can have mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes because....
True
What is a rock made of?
A mineral
What are the four major types of landforms?
Earth's crust has pieces of rock called
plate tectonics
Why do earthquakes happen?
Plates slide against each other and become stuck. The pressure builds and the plates quickly move causing an earthquake.
How can water weather rocks?
acidic rain and dissolve rock, rain can seep in cracks, moving water has energy
What is a fossil?
The preserved remains or traces of past life found in some rocks
What is a plain?
A flat piece of land with little difference in elevation
In order (inner to the most outer), what are the layers of the Earth?
Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
Smaller earthquakes that happen before are called _______
Smaller earthquakes that happen after are called _________
foreshocks, aftershocks
How can wind weather rocks?
Wind can carry pieces of rock or sand and this crashes into other rocks.
What is the rock cycle?
The continuous process in which one type of rock changes into another type
How are hills and mountains different?
Hills are round and not as high. Mountains are tall and have a peak on them.
The global supercontinent was called _______ and gave us the theory of _______ _________.
Pangea; plate tectonics
What is the difference between an active, dormant, and extinct volcano?
Active-recently erupted or is erupting
Dormant- Has not erupted in a while, but could
Extinct- Will never erupt again
Why can glaciers cause erosion and deposition?
They break rock that is beneath them because of their size and weight. They also carry rock that they break and drop them in new places as they melt.
What are three types of fossils?
Trace, mold, cast
What does topography show?
Representation of landforms on a map - land features and elevation
Plates that pull apart are called:
Plates that push together are called:
Plates that slide past each other are called:
Divergent
convergent
transform
What are the three types of mountains?
Fault-block, volcanic, and dome
Tell the process of weathering, erosion, and deposition (what do they do?)
Weathering- breaks it
Erosion- takes it
Deposition- drops it
What are the three types of rock and how are they formed?
Igneous- melted rock that cools and hardens
Sedimentary- Piles of rock build up over time and creates a cement
Metamorphic- High heat and pressure change the texture