States of Matter
What are the three states of matter?
The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
What is a physical change?
A physical change is a transformation that affects one or more physical properties of a substance without altering its chemical composition.
What is a property of matter?
A property of matter is a characteristic that can be observed or measured, such as color, mass, volume, or density.
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where each retains its individual properties.
What does the particle theory state?
The particle theory states that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion.
What is a characteristic of a solid?
A characteristic of a solid is that it has a definite shape and volume.
Give an example of a physical change.
An example of a physical change is ice melting into water.
How can you identify a liquid?
A liquid can be identified by its ability to flow and take the shape of its container while having a definite volume.
Describe how to create a solution.
To create a solution, a solute (like salt) is dissolved in a solvent (like water) until it is evenly distributed.
How are particles arranged in solids?
In solids, particles are closely packed together in a fixed arrangement and vibrate in place.
How does gas behave compared to liquids?
Gas expands to fill the space available, while liquids take the shape of their container but have a definite volume.
How does heating affect matter?
Heating can increase the energy of particles, causing them to move faster and change state, such as from solid to liquid.
What does it mean to conserve mass?
To conserve mass means that the total weight of matter remains the same, regardless of the changes that occur during reactions or changes of state.
What happens when salt dissolves in water?
When salt dissolves in water, the salt particles separate and spread out evenly throughout the water, forming a solution.
How do particles behave in a gas?
In a gas, particles are far apart and move freely and rapidly in all directions.
Describe a physical change.
A physical change is a change in which the form or appearance of matter changes but its composition remains the same.
What happens when ice melts?
When ice melts, it absorbs heat energy, causing it to change from a solid to a liquid (water).
How do you measure the weight of matter?
The weight of matter can be measured using a balance scale.
What is the design process?
The design process is a series of steps that engineers and scientists follow to create a solution to a problem or to develop a new product.
Explain why matter expands when heated.
Matter expands when heated because the particles gain energy, move faster, and need more space.
What happens to the particles in a solid when it melts?
The particles in a solid gain energy and move more freely, allowing the solid to turn into a liquid.
Describe the process of evaporation.
Evaporation is the process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid gain enough energy to enter the gas phase.
What is the evidence of a chemical change?
Evidence of a chemical change includes the formation of a gas, color change, temperature change, or the formation of a precipitate.
How can you tell if new substances have formed?
You can tell if new substances have formed by observing changes such as color change, gas production, or the formation of a solid.
How can models help us understand matter?
Models help us visualize and understand the structure and behavior of matter at the particle level, which is not visible to the naked eye.