Category 1
Which carbon-based molecule is the main source of quick energy for the body?
Carbohydrates
What are the monomers (building blocks) of proteins called?
Amino acids
What is an example of a monosaccharide?
Glucose, fructose or galactose
What is an ion?
Atoms that have gained or lost an electron
NaF
What is the function of hemoglobin, and why is it important?
a transport protein in red blood cells, carries oxygen throughout the body.
What is the octet rule?
the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell.
What is a catalyst?
A substance that increases the rate of a reaction
What do 2 monosaccharides make?
A disaccharide
What is the function of enzymes in living organisms?
nzymes speed up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the amount of energy needed for the reaction to occur. Without enzymes, most reactions in the body would happen too slowly to support life. They help with important processes such as digestion, building molecules, breaking down food for energy, and copying DNA.
What is the balanced equation for sodium and oxygen?
Na2O
Why are lipids important for cell membranes?
They give your cells structure and allow substances to go in and out of your cells.
What is the structural difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is a double-stranded molecule and RNA is a single-stranded molecule
What role do phospholipids play in cells?
Phospholipids make up the majority of the cell membrane, forming a double layer that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the chemical formula that includes Carbon and Hydrogen
CH4
Make Ammonia (Nitrogen and Hydrogen)
AND
Make Ammonium Chloride (Nitrogen Hydrogen and Chlorine)
What happens to a protein when it becomes denatured, and what are two things that can cause this?
it can no longer work properly. Denaturation can occur from extreme temperatures, incorrect pH levels, or exposure to harsh chemicals.
Explain how all four types of carbon-based molecules work together to keep an organism alive.
Include at least one example of what each molecule does.
All four types of carbon-based molecules work together to keep an organism alive because each type performs a different but essential function. Carbohydrates provide quick energy that cells use to perform immediate activities, such as movement or cell transport. Lipids store long-term energy and make up important structures like the cell membrane, which protects the cell and controls what enters and leaves. Proteins help build and repair body structures, and enzymes (a type of protein) speed up chemical reactions needed for survival, such as digestion. Finally, nucleic acids like DNA and RNA store and pass on genetic information and give the instructions for making proteins. Without any one of these molecules, the body would not have energy, structure, chemical reactions, or instructions needed to function.
Describe how RNA helps with protein production.
RNA makes proteins using amino acids
How many valence electrons does Oganesson have?
8 :)
Balance Tellurium and Rubidium, what's the formula?
Rb2Te
Balance Radium and Iodine what's the formula?
RaI2
Random guess, 1 chance only. Which carbon-based molecule is Ms. Stewart's favorite? and why?
Proteins because she had to memorize all the amino acids in school
Balance Rubidium and Tennessine, what's the formula?
RbTs
Describe the difference in energy use between carbohydrates and lipids
Carbohydrates provide immediate energy, while lipids are more energy-dense and provide long-term energy storage