Parts of an Equation
A collection of numbers and variables with at least one arithmetic operation. (no equal sign)
Expression
difference
The answer to a subtraction problem.
The distance between a real number and zero on a number line.
Absolute Value
Used to clear parentheses by multiplying a term on the outside by two or more terms inside the parentheses. Ex: a(b - c) = ab - ac
distributive property
A sentence using greater than or less than symbols. Also, greater than or equal to, or less than or equal to.
inequality
The intersection of the axes in a coordinate plane.
Origin
y=mx+b
slope-intercept form
the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it
Median
The numerical value of a term. Ex. in the term -6x, the coefficient is -6.
Coefficient
combine like terms
Adding or subtracting terms that have the same variable(s) and exponent(s).
Two inequalities combined in one statement by the word "and" or "or". Ex. x>4 or x<0
Compound Inequality
The grouping of terms within expressions involving addition or multiplication does not change the value. Ex: (a+b) + c = a + (b+c)
Associative Property
equation
A mathematical sentence with an equal sign.
The horizontal number line of a coordinate plane.
x-axis
Standard Form
Ax+By=C
a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score
Standard Deviation
Constant
A term with no variables.
operations that undo each other. For example, subtraction cancels out addition and division cancels out multiplication of the same value.
Inverse Operations
The lower half of a fraction.
Denominator
Changing the order of addition or multiplication does not change the value. Ex: a+b+c = c+a+b
commutative property
linear equation (emphasis on LINEAR)
An equation whose variables have an exponent of one and whose graph creates a straight line.
y-axis
The vertical number line of a coordinate plane.
Point-Slope Form
y-y=m(x-x)
Five Number Summary
minimum, Q1, median, Q3, maximum
Term
A number and/or variable(s), or a combination of both being Added or Subtracted.
Collecting like terms and using inverse operations to get a variable by itself on one side of a relation. This helps us to "solve" for a variable and find its solution.
isolate the variable
function
A relation in which every input (x) has exactly one output (y).
Any number multiplied by zero equals zero.
Zero Product Property
A set of two or more equations with two or more variables.
System of Equations
y-intercept
The point where a graph touches the y-axis. Sometimes represented by the letter b.
The difference between two y-values on a linear graph.
rise
Mean
the arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores. AKA the Average
equivalent
When a math sentences look different but have the same value.
solve
The process of finding all values of a variable that make an equation or inequality true.
function notation
When the output (y) of a relation is renamed f(x). Read "f of x".
Multiplying a number by one equals that number.
Multiplicative Identity Property
Substitution
When we replace a variable with a value or expression
coordinates
Ordered pairs that identify points on a plane. Ex. (x, y)
slope
A measure of steepness of a line. Often represented by the letter m. Calculated by finding the ratio of the change in y-coordinates (rise) to the change in x-coordinates (run).
Skewed Distribution
an asymmetrical but generally bell-shaped distribution (of opinions); its mode, or most frequent response, lies off to one side