Show:
Early Pregnancy Bleeding
Late Pregnancy Bleeding
HELLP Syndrome
Preeclampsia
DIC
100
Spontaneous abortion, incompetent cervix, ectopic pregnancy, and hydatidiform mole
What are the common bleeding disorders of early pregnancy?
100
Placenta previa, placental abruption
What are the major causes of late pregnancy bleeding?
100
A laboratory diagnosis for a variant of severe preeclampsia that involves hepatic dysfunction.
What is HELLP Syndrome
100
Soluble edoglin and FMS-like tropin kinase-1
Although there is no reliable tool to predict preeclampsia, women with high levels of these two proteins are more likely to develop it.
100
Abruptio placentae, retained dead fetus, anaphylactoid syndrome, severe preeclampsia, HELLP Syndrome, Gram negative sepsis.
What are the obstetric risk factors for DIC?
200
A pregnancy that ends as a result of natural causes before 20 weeks gestation.
A spontaneous abortion or miscarriage is defined as?
200
When the placenta peels away from the uterus before delivery.
What is placental abruption?
200
Hemolysis (H), elevated liver enzymes (EL), low platelet count (LP)
What are the characteristics of HELLP?
200
Edema
This assessment finding is no longer included in the definition of preeclampsia.
200
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
This is never a primary diagnosis, but always results from some problem that triggered the clotting cascade.
300
A cause of late miscarriage related to painless dilation of the cervix.
What is What is an incompetent cervix or premature dilation of the cervix?
300
An improperly implanted placenta in the lower uterine segment near or over the internal cervical os.
What is placenta previa?
300
3rd trimester development, Hx of malaise, influenza-like symptoms, epigastric pain, RUQ abdominal pain, N/V, H/A, bruising, and hematuria.
What are the S/S of HELLP Syndrome?
300
B/P >140/90, >1+ proteinuria (dipstick test), urine output >25-30mL/hr, absent or transient H/A, reduced placental perfusion.
The S/S of mild preeclampsia include?
300
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
This is a pathologic form of clotting that causes widespread bleeding and clotting.
400
A fertilized ovum is implanted outside of the uterine cavity; the leading cause of infertility.
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
400
Change in baseline rate, loss of accelerations, presence of late decelerations.
What are the early signs of placental abruption that are detected by fetal monitoring?
400
Pulmonary edema, ARD, DIC, placental abruption, liver hemorrhage, liver failure, ARDS, sepsis, and stroke.
List some associated risk factors or adverse potential outcomes for HELLP Syndrome
400
Resting B/P >160/110 on two separate occasions, >3+ proteinuria (dipstick test), urine output <400-500 mL/24 hrs, persistent or severe H/A, blurred vision, non-reassuring fetal status
The S/S of severe preeclampsia include?
400
Medical management of DIC; correcting underlying causes of DIC.
Removal of dead fetus, tx of existing infection, tx of preeclampsia, tx of eclampsia, and removal of abrupted placenta are all related to?
500
A form of gestational trophoblastic disease that occurs when the peripheral cells, that attach the fertilized ovum to the uterine wall, develop abnormally.
What is a Hydatidiform mole (molar pregnancy)
500
Total, partial, and marginal
What are the three types of placenta previa?
500
Arteriolar vasospasm, endothelial cell dysfunction with fibrin deposits, adherence of platelets in blood vessels.
What are the pathophysiologic changes of HELLP?
500
Regular diet with adequate protein, calcium, folic acid, zinc, and sodium intake. Salt food to taste; but limit high salt food intake (chips, pretzels, pickles)
What is a recommended diet for a patient with preeclampsia?
500
Volume replacement, blood component therapy, optimization of oxygenation and perfusion status, continued reassessment of lab parameters, Vitamin K, recombinant activated factor VIIa.
The usual forms of treatment of DIC include?