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Bessemer Process
Edwin L. Drake
Wildcatter
Transcontinental Railroad
1. a steel making process that was quicker and easier than earlier methods
2. man who drilled the first commercial oil well
3. name for an oil prospector
4. railroad that spanned the entire country
Entrepreneur
Capitalism
Laissez-faire
Social Darwinism
1. risk-taker who uses personal money and talents to launch a new business
2. economic system in which private business run most industries, competition determines prices and wages
3. type of capitalism that allows companies to conduct business without government intervention
4. belief that "survival of the fittest" benefits society
Monopoly
John D. Rockefeller
Vertical Integration
Horizontal Integration
1. industry in which one corporation has total control
2. oil tycoon; founded Standard Oil
3. owning the companies that supply a business
4. owning companies that make the same thing
Andrew Carnegie
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Sherman Anti-trust Act
Sweatshop
1. steel tycoon; gave $350 million to charity
2. railroad tycoon
3. law that made it illegal to form trusts that interfere with free trade
4. workshop set up in a tenement
Knights of Labor
Terrence V. Powderly
Xenophobia
Blacklist
1. labor union formed in 1869
2. leader of the Knights of Labor
3. fear of foreigners
4. list of "troublemaking" workers
Samuel Gompers
American Federation of Labor
Eugene V. Debs
Grover Cleveland
1. founder of the American Federation of Labor
2. Labor union of skilled workers formed in 1886
3. leader of the American Railway Union
4. President of the United States from 1885-1889
Mass Transit
Orville and Wilbur Wright
Telegraph
Alexander Graham Bell
1. public transportation systems that carry large numbers of people and make frequent stops along established routes
2. inventors and pilots who achieved the first successful flight
3. machine that sent messages over wires with electricity
4. inventor of the telephone
Thomas Alva Edison
inventor of hundreds of inventions, including the incandescent lightbulb and the first research laboratory