Explorers & Colonization
This explorer is credited with discovering the New World for Spain.
Christopher Columbus
Big game hunters were the first to live in North America following this large animal.
woolly mammoth
The Songhai, Benin, and Kongo kingdoms gained power by controlling trade in this country.
Africa
The transfer of plants and animals between the Eastern and Western worlds.
Columbian Exchange
A large farm where slave labor was used to grow a single crop.
plantation
The term for establishing settlements controlled by a parent country.
colonization
This ancient civilization was the first empire in the Americas.
Olmec
The system of buying, transporting, and selling Africans for work in the Americas, which damaged African societies.
Atlantic slave trade
These religious wars introduced Europeans to luxury goods and weakened the Pope’s influence.
Crusades
The term for people who move from place to place based on seasons and food availability.
nomadic
The treaty that divided the lands of the Western Hemisphere between Spain and Portugal.
Treaty of Tordesillas
This group of desert farmers introduced crops to the arid Southwest.
Hohokam and Anasazi
African slavery was different from later American slavery because enslaved people could often get out through various means. List two of those ways.
escape
This period in European history emphasized classical learning and human achievement.
Renaissance
This land bridge connected Asia and North America, allowing early people to migrate.
Beringia
This European country was the first to establish colonies in the Americas.
Spain
This Native American group lived in the woodlands of the Northeast.
Iroquois
During this unit's time period, most people in European and African societies lived in these types of communities.
This religious movement in the 16th century led to the rise of Protestant churches.
Reformation
These desert farmers, descendants of the Anasazi, used irrigation systems for crops.
This group of Native Americans was the first encountered by Columbus and his men in the Caribbean.
Taino
This mound-building society was centered in the Ohio River Valley between 200 B.C. and A.D. 400.
Hopewell
This country was the first to use West African slaves as a labor force on plantations.
Portugal
The availability of agriculture led to the rise of this in the Americas.
complex civilizations
This Native American group inhabited the northwestern coastal region and relied on the sea for survival.
Kwakiutl