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Influential Documents
Federalism
Enlightenment Thinkers
State Government
Supreme Court Cases
100
This document, written by Thomas Jefferson, lists the transgressions of the king and declares that "all men are created equal."
What is the Declaration of Independence
100
This is the name given to powers that both federal and state governments share.
What are concurrent powers
100
This French philosopher believed that the most effective way to limit the power of the central government was to separate its powers among several branches.
Who is Baron de Montesquieu
100

This is the name given to the head of a state executive branch.

What is a governor?

100
The doctrine of "separate but equal" was a result of the Supreme Court ruling in this case.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson
200
This original governing document of the United States created a weak central government, reserving most powers for the states.
What are the Articles of Confederation
200
This interpretation of the Constitution by any official of the government, based on the intent of the Founding Fathers, limits the power of the federal government in favor of the states
What is strict constructionalism
200
This French philosopher wrote The Social Contract to express his belief that government should be an agreement between people, not between people and a ruler.
Who is Jean Jacques Rousseau
200

This is the name given to the combined houses of Ohio's legislative branch.

What is the General Assembly?

200
As a result of this case, police officers now read suspects their rights during an arrest.
What is Miranda v. Arizona
300
The signing of this document in 1215 by King John of England marked the first time in history a monarch's powers were limited by his subjects.
What is the Magna Carta
300
The Fourteenth Amendment, which extended the protections of the Bill of Rights to the states, is an example of this political process.
What is incorporation
300
These four Enlightenment thinkers described the natural state of man and governmental structures based on reason.
Who are Rousseau, Montesquieu, Hobbes, and Locke
300

This is the name given to the individual who is "second-in-command" of Ohio's executive branch

What is the lieutenant governor

300
Segregation in America was brought to an end as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in this case.
What is Brown v. Board of Education
400
This book, written by the philosopher Rousseau, describes his idea that governments are created by agreements between people for the safety of themselves and their rights.
What is the Social Contract
400
This principle, upheld by the Supreme Court, states that when state and Constitutional laws conflict, the national laws are supreme.
What is the national supremacy clause
400
This English philosopher believed that all people are naturally good and that the role of government should be to preserve "life, liberty and property."
Who is John Locke
400

This cabinet position, responsible for overseeing how the state spends its money, is common in state governments, but does not exist at the federal level.

What is a state auditor

400
Supreme Justice John Marshall used this case to establish the doctrine of judicial review, in which the Supreme Court reserves the sole authority to review the constitutionality of federal laws.
What is Marbury v. Madison
500

The adoption of this document by the Pilgrims was an early example of a social contract.

What is the Mayflower Compact

500
This is the period during which President Reagan attempted to return political power from the national government to the states.
What is devolution
500
This English philosopher believed that the natural state of man involved constant fighting for resources.
Who is Thomas Hobbes
500

This is how justices and judges are selected in the Ohio Court System.

What is the election of justices and judges.

500
This case established the precedent that the federal government had implied powers with which to carry out its Constitutional duties.
What is McCollouch v. Maryland