Reconstruction Era
What did the 13th Amendment do?
Abolished Slavery
Who were the three Progressive Presidents?
- Teddy Roosevelt
- William Taft
- Woodrow Wilson
What was Manifest Destiny?
The belief the U.S. was destined by God to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican and Native American territories.
What were the 4 reasons to immigrate to the U.S.?
Escape Famine, Land Shortages, Religious Persecution, and Political Persecution.
What was Trench Foot?
Foot roots away because soldiers could not keep them dry. Usually led to amputation.
What were the Black Codes?
Similar to slave codes, which restricted the freedom of movement and limited African American rights as free people.
What was the name of the third party created during Taft's time?
The Bull Moose Party
What two railroads joined together to make the Transcontinental Railroad and where did they start?
1. Union Pacific - started in Omaha, Nebraska
2. Central Pacific Railroad - started in Sacramento, California
What is Ellis Island?
A tiny island in New York Harbor.
What consisted of the acronym MAIN?
Militarism, Alliance System, Imperialism, and Nationalism.
What was Tenant Farming?
A system in which workers supply their own tools and rent farmland for cash.
What were the 4 goals of progressivism?
1. Promoting Social Welfare - conditions of industrialization
2. Promoting Moral Improvement - banning alcohol
3. Creating Economic Reform - Uneven balance of money under capitalism
4. Fostering Efficiency - fix problems (Ex. Ford's assembly line and 8-hour workdays)
What did the Treaty of Guadalupe de Hidalgo do?
Ended the war between the U.S. and Mexico.
What was Nativism?
An extreme dislike for immigrants by native-born people.
What does over the top mean in terms of Trench Warfare?
Men were ordered to attack and climb out of their trenches and walk through an enemy's field carrying weapons.
What did the Wade - Divis Bill require?
- A majority or 50 percent of state prewer voters swear loyalty to the union
- Guarantee of African American equality
What did Jacob Riis do?
Used photographs to show the horrible housing conditions, poverty, and education at the height of European immigration to the US, wrote "How the Other Half Lives"
Who was General Custer and where was he killed?
Officer and cavalry commander in American Civil War and American Indian Wars. He was killed in the Battle of the Little Bighorn.
What was Graft?
Getting money by dishonest or questionable means.
What did Frances Clemenceau want?
Punish the Germans
What were the 6 results of Reconstruction?
1. Union is restored
2. African Americans gain citizenship & voting rights
3. South’s economy and infrastructure are improved
4. Southern states established a public school system
5. KKK. & other groups terrorize African Americans
6. Sharecropping system takes hold in the south
How did Taft mess up the Republican Party?
He supported a political boss named Joseph Cannon as chairman of the House Rules Committee, ignored bills that were progressive, and split between progressive Republicans and "old guard" Republicans.
Who were the first settlers to blaze the Oregon Trail?
Two Methodist missionaries named Marcus and Narcissa Whitman.
How did living conditions differ between the wealthy, middle class, and working class?
The Wealthy
- The wealthy lived in fashionable districts in cities' hearts.
- They built large, beautiful houses modeled after stylish European homes.
Middle Class
- Many moved away from the central city to its suburbs.
Working Class
- Generally lived in tenements (Dark and crowded multifamily apartments)
What are the factors that caused the Great Migration?
- Escape the Jim Crow South
- Floods and Droughts
- European migration cut off; Jobs opened up to Africans