American History Chapter 2 Review

The Civil War & Reconstruction

100

Name of the Civil War battle, where around 51,000 soldiers died, being the turning point for the Union army in the East

Gettysburg

200

An issue made by President Lincoln, a decree freeing all enslaved persons in states still in rebellion after January 1st, 1863

The Emancipation Proclamation

300

Name of famous Union general who became President of the United States in 1868

Ulysses S. Grant

400

A series of laws passed by Southern state legislatures that limited the rights of African Americans

Black Codes

500

Amendment that granted citizenship to all persons, born or naturalized, in the United States, declaring that no state could deprive any person of life, liberty, or property "without due process of law"

The Fourteenth Amendment

Miners & Ranchers

100

Name of the quick growing towns that formed as people moved out West during the gold rush

Boomtowns

200

A cattle breed descending from Spanish cattle introduced two centuries earlier, that was well adapted to the Great Plains, flourishing on scarce water and tough prairie grasses

The Texas Longhorn

300

Method of mining by which water is sprayed at very high pressure against a hill or mountain to expose the minerals beneath the surface

Hydraulic Mining

400

What four mineral discoveries attracted prospectors and settlers to the boomtowns of the American West

(Daily Double)

Silver, Gold, Copper, and Lead

500

Name 3 states where mining contributed to population growth

California, Nevada, Arizona, Colorado, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota

Farming the Plains

100

With this Act, a person could claim up to 160 acres of land and receive a title to it after living there for five years

The Homestead Act

200

This type of farming is a way in which seeds are planted deep into the ground where there is some moisture

Dry Farming

300

This country was the world's leading exporter of wheat in the 1880's

United States

400

Name 1 technological innovation that contributed to farming on the Great Plains

Steel Plows, Threshing Machines, Seed Drills, Reapers

500

A large, highly profitable wheat farm

Bonanza Farm

Native Americans

100

Many Native Americans on the Great Plains were nomads who roamed the land following their main source of food, what is that source of food

Buffalo

200

Native American forces rapidly defeated Custer and his more then 200 soldiers at this battle

Battle of Little Bighorn

300

This Native American Chief was shot and killed while his supporters tried to stop his arrest at Wounded Knee

Sitting Bull

400

This brutal two-day battle saw the loss of lives of fourteen U.S. soldiers and between 69-600 Native American warriors, women, and children

Sand Creek Massacre

500

In 1924 Congress passed which Act, granting all Native Americans citizenship

The Citizenship Act

Unit Vocab

100

A piece of U.S. public land acquired by living on it and cultivating it

Homestead

200

To absorb a group into the culture of another population

Assimilate

300

Vast area of grassland owned by the federal government

Open Range

400

Southern supporters of Reconstruction, an old Scots-Irish term for weak, underfed, worthless animals

Scalawags

500

A name given to a Great Plains farmer

Sodbuster