Chapter 12
What religious group saw the West as a refuge from the persecution they were experiencing in the East, and was the first group to settle in the Utah Territory?
Mormons
Who distributed work to slaves, to make sure they did as expected?
overseer
Who won the First and Second Battle of Bull Run?
Confederate (South)
What signaled the beginning of the Great Depression, when the stock exchange received orders to sell 16 million shares?
stock-market crash of 1929
What did Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) promise to the American people to help them through the Great Depression?
New Deal
What was the first American route west of the Missouri River, and was primarily a trade route?
Santa Fe Trail
Who was a leading black abolitionist who escaped slavery in 1838?
Frederick Douglass
What battle marked the beginning of modern naval warfare? Which side won this battle?
Monitor v. Virginia, tie
Because Americans blamed the president and his policies for the country’s economic problems, what were concentrations of shanties named?
"Hoovervilles"
In 1931, construction was started on what dam on the Colorado River?
What trail became the most important route for settlers and missionaries going west, by which settlers got to Oregon from the East?
Oregon Trail
What were songs in which slaves revealed how they felt about their condition?
spirituals
During which battle did the North gain control of the entire Mississippi River? Which side won this battle?
Vicksburg, Union (North)
What is a slump in business that is considered less serious than a full depression?
recession
What machine allowed heavy investors to follow price changes almost as they happened?
ticker-tape machine
What trail followed the Oregon Trail for 1200 miles before turning south and west, leading settlers to California?
California Trail
What Supreme Court case wrecked any chance of compromise with slavery?
Dred Scott Decision
Which battle was the bloodiest battle of the entire Civil War? Which side won this battle?
How high (in percent) did unemployment get during the Great Depression?
25%
What policy means taking wealth from the “haves” and giving it to the “have-nots?”
redistribute wealth
What was Texas’ nickname since it stood alone for 9 years due to its being rejected for admission into the Union?
Who did the Confederates elect as their president? As their vice president?
What event led by General Sherman caused a great deal of bitterness among the people of the South, especially those in Georgia, due to the widespread destruction left by the North?
March to the Sea
What caused the people’s runs on banks during the Great Depression?
People were worried they might lose the money they had deposited in banks.
What is the value of total goods produced in a country?
gross national product (GNP)