Door 1
Committees of Correspondence were set up to organize and communicate issues between colonists; this group was eventually led to the formation of what?
First Continental Congress
The tension/rivalry between the U.S. and the Soviet Union after WWII to the early 1990s is called the _?_.
Cold War
Who was the commander of the American Army during the Revolutionary War and was the first President of the United States?
George Washington
economic theory where countries tried to acquire as much gold, silver, and colonies as possible to obtain resources and wealth
document written by Pilgrims while they were still on board the ship that brought them to the New World which established the use of town meetings where voters would make decisions based on majority rules
Mayflower Compact
main reason why colonists came and settled in the New England colonies
religious freedom
What was built to improve the defense of and trade opportunities for the U.S by connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans without having to travel around South America?
Panama Canal
In what state was the atomic bomb tested?
Los Alamos, New Mexico
What prominent civil rights leader founded the SCLC?
Martin Luther King Jr.
Name of the peace treaty that ended WWI which placed total blame and responsibility for the war on Germany?
Treaty of Versailes
Which first lady was very influential in convincing her husband to appoint more women to government positions and revolutionized the role of the First Lady?
Eleanor Roosevelt
What name is given to the Allied invasion on June 6, 1944 of the coast of France as Allied troops attempted to take back France and to march into Germany to capture the German capital city of Berlin? (HINT: The largest amphibious invasion in history).
D-Day (Normandy Invasion)
What day celebrates the environment by raising awareness of environmental issues?
Earth Day
What Supreme Court case in 1954 integrated the nation's school systems and reversed the "separate, but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson?
Brown v. Board of Education
In 1868, which President was impeached by the Radical Republican Congress for violating the Tenure of Office Act; however, the President was found not guilty by one vote?
Andrew Johnson
What do we call several companies arranged in a single unit and controlled by a single governing board?
trust
The U.S. entered this war because of the continued violation of U.S neutrality by German u-boats (unrestricted submarine warfare) and the German sinking of the Lusitania.
World War I
What area did the South have an advantage over the north during the Civil War?
military leadership or home field advantage
What act allowed the U.S to send aid to any country whose defense was considered vital to the U.S. and would allow that country to provide payment at a later date?
Lend Lease Act
colonists in Virginia were more concerned with finding this than food
Gold (riches)
What two ethnic groups made up the majority of laborers to work on the expansion of railroads?
Chinese and Irish
Who was the 1968 Democratic Presidential candidate who was assassinated on June 5, 1968 after winning the California primary? Because he had openly supported the Civil Rights movement, many people felt they had lost their best hope at moving the movement forward with his death.
Robert F. Kennedy
What was the plan put forth by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to expand the number of Supreme Court justices that would be favorable to his policies; however, it was not approved by Congress due to great opposition?
Court Packing Bill
What Second New Deal Act, also known as the National Labor Relations Act, established collective bargaining rights for workers and prohibited unfair labor practices strengthening labor unions in the United States?
Wagner Act
What was the nickname and symbol that represented the thousands of women who worked in U.S. industries to take the places of men who were fighting in the WWII?
Rosie the Riveter
What group rode in buses during the civil rights era and went into the south using segregated facilities as a form of non-violent protest?
Freedom Rides
resulted in landowners switching from indentured servants to a slave system of labor
Bacon's Rebellion
Who made a fortune in the steel industry eventually selling his company to J.P. Morgan for $500 million dollars?
Andrew Carnegie
Individuals who wanted to make slavery illegal in the United States were called _?_.
What was the primary goal of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society program?
War on Poverty (eliminate poverty and racial injustice)
What is the name of the event where North Vietnam and the Vietcong attacked South Vietnam and the U.S. on the Vietnamese New Year's celebration, causing public opinion in the U.S. to turn against the war?
Tet Offensive
What Georgia city fell to the Northern Army under General William T. Sherman in late 1864, leaving little resistance to him as he "marched to the sea" on the coast?
What was the name of our first written constitution as a free nation whose weaknesses included no national unity, no difference in representation by population, and the government could not collect taxes?
Articles of Confederation
The first ten amendments added to the Constitution in 1791, which are intended to protect individual and state rights, are called the __?__.
Bill of Rights
What name is given to the Allied invasion on June 6, 1944 of the coast of France as Allied troops attempted to take back France and to march into Germany to capture the German capital city of Berlin? (HINT: The largest amphibious invasion in history).
D-Day (Normandy Invasion)
Name given to the belief that government should not try to regulate too much? The rise of this in America was seen in the Presidential Elections of 1964 and 1968.
Conservatism
What New Deal program provides unemployment insurance, economic provisions for the blind and disabled, and old age retirement income?
Social Security Act
What Pacific battle in WWII is regarded as the naval turning point of the war because the Japanese never recovered from the loss of aircraft carriers, fighter planes, and experienced pilots?
Battle of Midway
The deaths of four students at Kent State University; the publishing of the Pentagon Papers; and "draft dodgers" going to Canada were all forms of protests against America's involvement in what war?
Vietnam War
1st permanent English colony in North America founded by the Virginia Company
Jamestown
this and the Enlightenment movements caused a general questioning of authority on the part of the colonists both religiously and scientifically during the Colonial Period
Great Awakening
What name was given to the various music houses in New York City where songwriters and musicians composed and published songs? Hint: Irving Berlin was one of the most famous composers here.
Tin Pan Alley
Location where General Lee surrendered to General Grant effectively ending the Civil War on April 9, 1865.
Appomattox Courthouse
What were the burglars at the Watergate apartment complex breaking into when they were arrested?
Democratic National Headquarters
middle colony settled by William Penn as a haven for Quakers
Pennsylvania
Chief who led a confederation of Native Americans against the colony of Jamestown; eventually negotiated peace with settlers
Powhatan
What idea stated that it was America's God given right to expand westward?
Manifest Destiny
What organization, founded by Betty Friedan in 1966, devotes itself to political activism and promoting women's rights?
National Organization for Woman (NOW)
For what crime was President Bill Clinton brought up on impeachment charges?
Perjury
What New Deal program built hydroelectric dams to create jobs and brought cheap electricity to the Appalachian region of the South?
Tennessee Valley Authority
What act allowed the U.S to send aid to any country whose defense was considered vital to the U.S. and would allow that country to provide payment at a later date?
Lend Lease Act
Who were the presidential candidates when the Supreme Court ordered that Florida stop its recount of ballots in 2000, eventually allowing the Republican candidate to win?
Bush v. Gore
Who was the leader of the United Farm Workers of America union that used non-violent protest to gain better wages and working conditions from California grape growers?
Cesar Chavez
What Great Society programs provide health care for the elderly/disabled?
Medicare & Medicaid
What is the name of the invasion of Afghanistan by the U.S. military and allied forces as a response to the 9/11 attacks against the U.S. in 2001?
Invasion of Afghanistan - War on Terrorism
What did Congress pass during the Cold War Era that stated the U.S would support any nation with economic and military aid to prevent its falling under Soviet influence?
Truman Doctrine
What type of democracy sought a stronger executive branch and a weaker Congress, it also sought to broaden public participation in government? Hint: This president named it after himself.
Jacksonian Democracy
What type of immigrants did the immigration quota system passed in the 1920's tend to discriminate against?
Southern & Eastern European; Asian
What Cuban leader had U.S support at first, but then allied himself with the Soviet Union, suspended all Cuban elections, and declared himself dictator?
Fidel Castro
What European country allied with the American colonies during the Revolutionary War in an effort to seek revenge against the British for their recent losses to them?
France
Where did most European immigrants go to become registered when entering the U.S?
Ellis Island
Where did most Asian immigrants go to become registered when entering the U.S?
Angel Island
What is the first war in which the U.S. got involved with the intent to stop the spread of communism in 1950?
Korean War
During WWII each household was only allowed to purchase a certain amount of items at a time. This was called __________?
Rationing
What president pardoned Richard Nixon for his involvement in the Watergate scandal?
Gerald Ford
The government's outlawing of the Ghost Dance by the Sioux tribe, led by Chief Sitting Bull, resulted in what event?
Battle of Wounded Knee
Who published the newspaper called The Liberator which called for the immediate, uncompensated abolishment of slavery?"
William Lloyd Garrison
What act outlawed literacy tests and poll taxes required for voting and sent federal officials to register voters in Southern states?
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Which amendment gave citizenship to freed slaves?
14th Amendment
What executive order was issued by Abraham Lincoln in 1863 that freed slaves in the Confederate states and gave the war a moral cause for the North?
Emancipation Proclamation
What is the name of the event where African Americans migrated in large numbers from the Southern states to the Northern states during WWI?
Great Migration
The idea that governments must obey a set of laws and respect the rights of citizens is known as _?_.
Limited Government
1st major cash crop of Virginia introduced by John Rolfe
Tobacco
Who made a fortune with his Standard Oil Company?
John Rockefeller
What government agency was created in 1970 with the purpose of enforcing laws aimed at maintaining a safe and clean environment?
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
the Virginia Company's legislative assembly
House of Burgesses
In what state was the atomic bomb tested?
Los Alamos, New Mexico
What was President Reagan's biggest failure in international policy when the U.S. sold weapons to Iran (an enemy of the U.S.) and then violated more laws by using the profits from those arms sales to fund a rebellion in Nicaragua?
Iran-Contra Affair
George Washington and his men crossed what river to surprise the Hessian mercenaries fighting with the British who were encamped at Trenton, NJ?
Delaware River
What name was given to the secretive organization whose members often dressed in hooded white robes and used intimidation, violence, and sometimes murder against African-Americans and those who supported them?
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
What name was given to the plans of reconstruction put forth by Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson to rejoin the North and the South after the Civil War - lenient?
Presidential Reconstruction
What is the name of the period after WWI in which people in the U.S. were fearful of anyone who might be a communist or socialist?
Red Scare
What do we call a single company that controls a commodity or service?
Monopoly
What is the name of the book written by Upton Sinclair that helped bring about the Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act?
The Jungle
What device has transformed U.S. businesses and the work of individuals by making transactions more efficient and faster and with the internet, we have the ability to send information to anyone, anytime, and anywhere?
What is another name for a shantytown during the 1930s?
Hoovervilles
What is the name of the college that was founded in Atlanta by a former slave and two ministers to provide education for African Americans after the Civil War?
Morehouse College
Under this law California was admitted into the U.S. as a free state; popular sovereignty would be used to determine slavery in the Western territories; and a stronger fugitive slave law was established in the North.
Compromise of 1850
Where did President Eisenhower place the National Guard under federal command to bring about school integration in 1957 as ordered by Brown vs. Board of Education?
Little Rock, Arkansas
What was the code name for the development of the atomic bomb during WWII?
Manhattan Project
President George W. Bush ordered American military forces to invade Afghanistan after the 9/11 attacks because it was believed they were harboring what terrorist?
Osama Bin Laden
Which amendment calls for the direct election of senators by the people rather than the state legislatures?
17th Amendment
Who was the English philosopher who wrote about "natural rights" that influenced many of America's Founding Fathers?
John Locke
What was established by Congress in 1865 to provide food, clothing, shelter, and education for the newly emancipated slaves?
Freedmen's Bureau
What idea, first proposed by the philosopher Montesquieu, divides the authority to govern between different branches of government: legislative, executive, and judicial?
Separation of Powers
In what court case did the Supreme Court rule that "separate, but equal facilities" was constitutional in 1896?
Plessy v. Ferguson
What is the name of the event where an Iranian mob stormed the U.S. embassy in Tehran and took 52 American hostages during the Carter administration?
Iran Hostage Crisis
Which amendment gave former male slaves the right to vote in the U.S?
15th Amendment
What did President Lyndon Johnson call his legislative programs to give Americans a better standard of living and greater opportunities regardless of their background?
Great Society
forced the port of Boston to close as punishment for the Boston Tea Party and forced colonists to house British soldiers
Intolerable Acts
Event in 1832 when South Carolina, under the leadership of John C. Calhoun, threatened that they would not follow federal tariff laws and would secede from the U.S. if forced to do so. President Andrew Jackson threatened to send in the national military to make South Carolina comply if needed; however, a compromise was worked out by Henry Clay to end the crisis.
Nullification Crisis
New England colony founded by Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson for individuals who left Massachusetts due to religious disagreements
Rhode Island
When the diplomatic relations between Japan and the U.S came to a stalemate, what event occurred on December 7, 1941 that brought the U.S into WWII?
Attack on Pearl Harbor
What Supreme Court decision challenged affirmative action and ruled that racial quotas violated the 14th Amendment?
Board of Regents of University of California v. Bakke (the Bakke Case)
Which act was passed in 1882 as a result of the anti-Asian sentiment on the Western coast of the U.S?
Chinese Exclusion Act
Idea that the people who live in certain territories or states would vote on whether or not to allow slavery.
popular sovereignty
Which war took place because the U.S wanted both California and New Mexico and provoked a war in order to obtain it?
Mexican-American War
What was passed by Congress after WWII that helped make communism less appealing to Europeans by creating economic prosperity, by helping Europe rebuild?
Marshall Plan
Who was the author of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
What was the code name for the development of the atomic bomb during WWII?
Manhattan Project
150 Massachusetts colonists were accused of witchcraft
Salem Witch Trials
Where was the last Confederate stronghold city on the Mississippi River that fell to Union General Ulysses S. Grant after a siege of two months?
Vicksburg
Who served as an American ambassador to France during the Revolutionary Period and convinced the French to be our ally in our fight for freedom from the British?
Benjamin Franklin
What name was given to the agreement among delegates to the Constitutional Convention that settled the dispute of representation in Congress by stating the lower house would be based on population and the upper house would be equal representation regardless of a states size?
Great Compromise
At the beginning of the Civil War, which side had the advantages of: industry; railroads; money; stable government; and population?
North (Union)
What African American pressured FDR to support the Fair Employment Act which made discrimination in hiring illegal?
A. Phillip Randolph
Passed under the administration of President George W. Bush, what act increased the authority of U.S. law enforcement agencies and allowed them greater power in what measures they could use to obtain information?
Patriot Act
During the Harlem Renaissance, what trumpeter and singer became one of the most famous jazz musicians in America?
Louis Armstrong
The Espionage Act specifically targeted what Socialist leader because of his speaking out against U.S involvement in WWI?
Eugene Debs
What was constructed by New York and opened in 1825, which connected the Great Lakes to the Hudson River and made New York the dominant commercial city in the United States?
Erie Canal
law Britain passed to attempt to stop the colonists from expanding west of the Appalachian mountains after the French & Indian War
Proclamation of 1763
Rachel Carson's book, Silent Spring, inspired what national movement?
Environmentalism
What form of non-violent protest, where African-Americans sat in segregated places until they were served or arrested, gained national media attention and helped many Americans turn their sympathies toward ending racial segregation?
Sit-ins
What event prompted the U.S. to respond by expanding federal aid to education, especially science and math and began the "space race" between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R?
Launch of Sputnik
What was the name of the team of sisters who were from a prominent slaveholding family in the South who became outspoken abolitionists during the pre-civil war period?
Grimke Sisters
Which event started because of the differences in opinion between the Northern and Southern states about states' rights; slavery; and the economy?
Civil War
What act effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise and reignited the slavery issue by allowing territories within the Louisiana Purchase area to determine slavery by popular sovereignty?
Kansas-Nebraska Act
What Pacific battle in WWII is regarded as the naval turning point of the war because the Japanese never recovered from the loss of aircraft carriers, fighter planes, and experienced pilots?
Battle of Midway
Who was the senator from Louisiana who was one of FDR's biggest critics who gained national popularity by promising to give every family $2000 as part of his "Share Our Wealth" program?
Huey Long
In March 2003, American and British troops invaded Iraq to overthrow Saddam Hussein. What was this invasion called?
Iraq War