Battles
What battle shocked the North after a chaotic retreat and raised Southern confidence?
The Battle of Bull Run
Which U.S. president refused to accept secession and worked to keep border states loyal?
Abraham Lincoln
Who provided clothing, blankets, food, and supplies for soldiers?
Families and local communities
Which side had more people and more factories?
The Union
What act allowed the federal government to print the first national paper currency?
The Legal Tender Act
At what location did Confederate forces bombard a Union fort for 34 hours, starting the war?
Fort Sumter
Which Confederate president tried to unify states but faced resistance from governors?
Jefferson Davis
What organization inspected camps and promoted clean water and sanitation?
The U.S. Sanitary Commission
Which side relied on defensive strategy and knowledge of their land?
The Confederacy
What did Congress approve to help Lincoln protect the Union at the start of the war?
Emergency powers
Which Union commander at Fort Sumter was forced to surrender before Lincoln’s relief force arrived?
Major Robert Anderson
Which Confederate general was praised for strong reputation and leadership early in the war?
Robert E. Lee
Why did soldiers rely on packages from home?
Early military supply systems were weak.
What did the South believe would pressure Britain and France to support them?
Cotton exports
How did the government raise most money for the war?
Selling war bonds
Which Confederate general demanded Fort Sumter’s surrender before opening fire?
General P. G. T. Beauregard
Who ordered the attack on Fort Sumter after Lincoln tried sending supplies?
Jefferson Davis
What did women create that operated in nearly every major city?
Large support networks
What major transportation advantage did the North hold?
Most railroad lines and shipping routes
What major law set national rules for stable banking during the war?
The National Bank Act
What incorrect belief led civilians to follow the Union army during Bull Run?
That the war would be short and easy for the North.
Who did Lincoln remove or replace when they delayed military action?
Generals that caused delays/problems
What key problem forced civilians to fill gaps in medical and supply work?
Poor early military organization
Why did Southern leaders think their economy was protected during the war?
Enslaved labor kept plantations running
What major action did the federal government take to control wartime transportation?
Took control of railroad use and military transport.