Battles of the Revolution
What two battles in Massachusetts marked the beginning of the American Revolutionary War?
Lexington and Concord
In what year did the First Continental Congress meet?
1774
What nickname was Francis Marion known by during the American Revolution?
Swamp Fox
Who wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Which Patriot general led his soldiers across the Delaware River on Christmas night before a surprise attack?
George Washington
What economic action did the First Continental Congress encourage to pressure Great Britain?
A boycott of British goods.
What type of warfare did Francis Marion and his men often use?
Guerilla warfare
What does the phrase “consent of the governed” mean?
Government gets its authority from the people it governs.
Which battle was a British battlefield victory but still boosted Patriot morale because the British suffered heavy casualties?
Battle of Bunker Hill
Who was selected to command the Continental Army by the Second Continental Congress, and what experience helped make him a suitable choice?
George Washington.
He had military experience from the French and Indian War, and was from Virginia so it built more support beyond New England.
How did Marion use South Carolina's geography to his advantage?
He used swamps and forests to hide his men, launch surprise attacks, and escape into familiar territory.
Which English philosopher influenced Jefferson's ideas about natural rights and government?
John Locke
How did capturing Fort Ticonderoga helped the Continental Army force the British out of Boston?
The Patriots/ Continental Army captured cannons and military supplies. Henry Knox brought the cannons to Boston and got the British to evacuate in March 1776.
Give one similarity and one difference between the First and Second Continental Congresses.
Both brought colonial representatives together to respond to British policies. The First Congress emphasized protesting and boycotting British goods, while the Second organized the Continental Army and eventually declared independence.
Why was guerrilla warfare useful for Marion's forces instead of fighting large, traditional battles against the British?
Small groups could attack unexpectedly and retreat quickly. This disrupted British patrols and supply lines while making Marion's forces difficult to capture.
How did Enlightenment ideas influence the Declaration of Independence? Explain the connection between natural rights and the purpose of government.
Enlightenment thinkers encouraged reason and individual rights. Jefferson used these ideas to argue that people have natural rights and that government should protect those rights and receive its power from the people.
The Patriots lacked many resources and faced a stronger British army. Using two examples from the battle notes, explain how the Patriots used strategy or circumstances to gain advantages.
-surprising the Hessians at Trenton
-capturing artillery at Fort Ticonderoga
using defensive positions at Bunker Hill
-winning at Saratoga and gaining French support.
How did the actions of the two Continental Congresses show that colonial resistance changed from protesting British policies to creating an independent nation? Use evidence from both meetings?
The First Congress organized a boycott and demanded changes while hoping for peace. The Second created an army, tried reconciliation through the Olive Branch Petition, and ultimately adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776.
Explain how Francis Marion demonstrates that a smaller, less powerful force can challenge a stronger army. Use two details from the reading.
Marion used his knowledge of local terrain to hide and launch surprise attacks. His forces disrupted British supply lines and attacked patrols, forcing the British to spend time and resources trying to defeat them.
Jefferson argued that people were entitled to equality and natural rights, yet he enslaved people. Explain this contradiction and why it matters when studying the Declaration of Independence.
Jefferson's actions contradicted the principles of equality and liberty expressed in his writing. This matters because the ideals expressed in the Declaration were not applied equally to everyone in American society.