America in WWII
The June 6, 1944, invasion of Normandy, the largest seaborne invasion in history, was code-named this.
What is Operation Overlord (D-Day)?
The United States instituted the first peacetime one of these in 1940 to build up military manpower before officially entering the war.
What is the draft (Selective Service)?
Established by FDR, this powerful agency set price ceilings on goods to prevent wartime inflation and oversaw the rationing system.
What is the Office of Price Administration (OPA)?
At this February 1945 conference in the Crimea, the "Big Three" met to discuss the reorganization of post-war Europe and the conditions for Soviet entry into the war against Japan.
What is the Yalta Conference?
In 1957, Eisenhower sent the 101st Airborne to this city to enforce the desegregation of Central High School.
What is Little Rock, Arkansas
This "King of Rock and Roll" scandalized older generations with his gyrating hips and blend of rhythm and blues with country music.
Who is Elvis Presley?
The U.S. officially entered WWII one day after the Japanese attacked this naval base on December 7, 1941.
What is Pearl Harbor?
To conserve materials for the war effort, the U.S. government issued books of these coupons to civilians for purchasing food and gas.
What are Ration Stamps (Ration books)?
Signed by FDR in February 1942, Executive Order 9066 authorized the removal of Japanese Americans from the West Coast to these.
What are internment camps?
In a 1946 speech, Winston Churchill declared that this "shadow" had descended across the continent of Europe.
What is an "Iron Curtain"?
Brown v. Board of Education centered on the desegregation of these institutions.
What are public schools?
A counter-culture movement of writers and poets, including Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg, who rejected mainstream American values and materialism.
Who are the Beatniks?
The U.S. strategy of bypassing heavily fortified Japanese positions to capture strategically important islands was known as this.
What is Island-Hopping?
Civilians planted these in backyards and public parks to increase food production during the war.
What are "Victory Gardens"?
In 1944, the Supreme Court ruled in this landmark case that the internment of Japanese Americans was a "military necessity" and therefore constitutional.
What is Korematsu v. The United States?
This 1947 American foreign policy pledged to support "free peoples" resisting subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressures (communism).
What is the Truman Doctrine?
The Brown decision famously overturned this 1896 Supreme Court case that had established the "separate but equal" doctrine.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
This civil defense drill, taught to schoolchildren in the 1950s, symbolized the era's pervasive fear of nuclear attack.
What is Duck & Cover?
This top-secret R&D undertaking produced the first nuclear weapons.
What is the Manhattan Project?
Citizens loaned money to the government to finance the war by purchasing these, which were heavily advertised by celebrities and artwork by Norman Rockwell.
What are War Bonds?
Before full intervention, the U.S. bypassed neutrality restrictions with this 1939 policy, allowing belligerent nations to buy arms if they paid immediately and transported the goods themselves.
What was the "Cash & Carry" Policy?
Officially known as the European Recovery Program, this U.S. initiative provided over $13 billion to help rebuild Western European economies.
What is the Marshall Plan?
Eisenhower articulated this theory regarding Southeast Asia, suggesting that if one country fell to communism, the surrounding nations would also fall like a row of game pieces.
What is the Domino Theory?
While the 50s are known for conformity, this 1954 Supreme Court decision shook the cultural foundation of the South by declaring segregated public schools unconstitutional.
What is Brown v. BOE?
On August 6, 1945, this B-29 Superfortress dropped the atomic bomb "Little Boy" on the city of Hiroshima.
What is the Enola Gay?
The 'Bracero Program,' initiated in 1942, was a diplomatic agreement between the United States and this country to address labor shortages in agriculture.
What is Mexico?
Signed into law in March 1941, this Act effectively ended U.S. neutrality by allowing the President to supply war materials to any country deemed vital to the defense of the United States.
What was the Lend Lease Act?
The U.S. and its allies formed this military alliance in 1949 to provide collective security against the Soviet Union and aid in their policy of containment.
What is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?
One of Eisenhower's first achievements as President was negotiating an armistice to pause the fighting in this conflict in July 1953.
What is the Korean War?
A significant spike in the U.S. birthrate between 1946 and 1964 is commonly known by this demographic term.
What is the Baby Boom?