Show:
The Archaic and Formative
Chiefdoms
First-Generation States
2nd/3rd/4th Gen. States
The Aztec
100
This wild grass is the undomesticated ancestral form of maize.
What is teosinte?
100
Which of the following are indicators of raiding or warfare? (Select all the correct answers) a) Burnt palisades b) villages built in defensive locations c) constructing monuments depicting warriors being sacrificed
All of the above
100
These two states apparently maintained mercantile or diplomatic relations; people from one state are known to have lived in wards/neighborhoods the other, and stone monuments memorialize meetings.
What are Teotihuacan and Monte Alban (Zapotec State)
100
The 3rd-generation state of Toltec, based at Tula, was burned by what group?
Who are the Mexica (Aztec)
100
The Aztec cities of Texcoco, Tlacopan, and Tenochtitlan formed THIS powerful entity.
What is the Triple Alliance.
200
Some archaeological evidence suggests archaic rituals involved this violent practice.
What is human sacrifice? (Also acceptable: cannibalism)
200
The Zapotec State, centered at Monte Albán in the Oaxaca Valley, emerged out of a chiefdom at this site.
What is San José Mogote?
200
Teotihuacan had twin THESE; later, the Aztec did the same, and dedicate theirs to the gods Tlaloc and Huitzilipotchli.
What are [twin] temples.
200
The Toltec were the first to physically divide the sacred and secular zones of their city Tula; the Aztec later adopted the tradition, and call it THIS, which means "serpent wall".
What is a coatepantli
200
In order to claim noble or royal status, Aztec attempted to create ties to Culhaucan through this.
What is marriage.
300
Which of the following was NOT domesticated by ancient Mexicans? (select all the correct answers) a) pumpkins b) wheat c) avocados d) beans e) potatoes
B) Wheat and E) Potatoes. All the rest are local domesticates.
300
This gulf coast chiefly society built large monuments and offerings from jade, basalt, and serpentine.
Who are the Olmec
300
The regular layout of Teotihuacan tell us that it was planned using a standardized one of these.
What is a [standardized] unit of measurement.
300
After uniting multiple ethnic groups, small 2nd generation petty states such as Xochicalco and Cacaxtla likely declined due to this.
What are factional disputes?
300
Which of the following was NOT part of the Aztec economic system? (select all correct answers) a) "pochteca", merchants who traded goods over long distances b) intensive agriculture of flooded fields called chinampas c) receiving tribute from conquered vassal states d) Maritime trading with the Inca e) Using bison caravans to carry trade goods.
d) Maritime trading with the Inca e) Using bison caravans to carry trade goods.
400
This structure is the Formative Period predecessor to the temple; access would have been restricted to initiated members of the society.
What is a Mens' House?
400
Which of the following is true of chiefdoms? (select all that are correct) a) They are egalitarian societies b) Chiefs are elected during a meeting in the Mens' House c) They create alliances through feasting, marriage, and trade. d) Chiefly competition sets the stage for the emergence of states.
c) They create alliances through feasting, marriage, and trade and d) Chiefly competition sets the stage for the emergence of states.
400
This feathered serpent god was a major diety at Teotihuacan; he was also worshiped by the Toltec and later, the Aztec.
Who is Quetzalcoatl
400
The Aztec adopted the use of a chacmool (a basin to hold a sacrificial heart) from THIS earlier state.
What is Toltec (Tula)
400
This is how the Aztec dealt with the gods of the people they conquered.
They adopted the gods and began to worship them as well.
500
By observing how they grew in nature, the Indians of Central Mexico began to grow these three crops together.
What are corn (maize), beans, and squash?
500
These multi-ton monuments are usually found damage and toppled over, indicating they were targets of violence during chiefly warfare.
What are Olmec head statues.
500
The earliest known hieroglyphic writing in the Americas was discovered at a chiefly center in THIS Mexican valley.
What is the Oaxaca valley
500
The Mexica (aka the Aztec) arrived in the Basin of Mexico and served as THIS to the 4th generation states already there, such as Azcapotzalco and Colhuacan.
What are mecenaries/vassals.
500
In addition to the advantage given by their guns and the diseases they brought, the Spanish were able to conquer the Aztec because they had the help of this rival group.
What is Tlaxcala